摘要
目的:了解北京高校学生的膳食结构及基本营养状况,为相关部门采取有针对性的干预措施提供可资借鉴的参考依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,对北京高校学生的基础健康状况、就餐频率及日常膳食情况进行问卷调查。结果:膳食结构方面,蔬菜类及豆类食品摄入较为不足,油脂摄入稍有过量,水果类、奶类和鱼虾类食品摄入严重不足,畜禽肉类摄入严重过量;营养物质方面,维生素B2相对缺乏、维生素C严重不足,钙摄入严重不足、硒摄入稍有不足、钠摄入严重过量;三大营养素供能比方面,脂肪供能比偏高、碳水化合物供能比偏低、蛋白质供能比较为正常。同时,高校学生BMI值整体正常,男生超重及肥胖的比例高于女生;高校学生早餐食用较不规律。结论:北京市高校学生的饮食习惯存在一定问题,应对其进行有针对性的膳食指导。
Objective To learn the situation of dietary pattern and nutritional status of college students in Beijing city and provide guidance suggestions for their balanced diet. Method Using the stratified sampling method,we investigated the college students in Beijing city about their basic health,dining frequency and daily dietary situation with questionnaire. Result For dietary structure,the intake of vegetables and legumes was slightly insufficient,the intake of oil was comparatively excess,the intake of fruits,dairy products and aquatic products was seriously inadequate,the intake of livestock and poultry meat was serious excess. For energy and nutriments,the intake of vitamin B2 was comparatively lacking,the intake of vitamin C was seriously inadequate,the intake of calcium was seriously insufficient,the intake of selenium was slightly lacking,the intake of sodium was badly excessive. For the energy supplying ratio of three major nutrients,the ratio of fat was on the high side,the ratio of carbohydrate was at lower level,the ratio of protein was in normal range. Meanwhile,the BMI of college students was normal as a whole,and the proportion of overweight and obesity of man students was higher than woman students＇. Also,a number of college students had irregular breakfast. Conclusion There are some problems with eating habits of college students in Beijing city. Related organs should provide targeted dietary guidance.
出处
《中国食物与营养》
2018年第2期85-88,共4页
Food and Nutrition in China
基金
北京市科学技术委员会项目(项目编号:Z141100002614013)
关键词
膳食调查
营养
高校学生
北京市
dietary survey
nutrition
college student
Beijing city
