摘要
中国古代天文机构的运作,较长时期采用双轨制:以一正式机构为主,负责观测预报天象、推算编制历法等事务,同时设置某些并行机构,主要实施对照和监督。后一种机构里就有宫廷中的内灵台,元明两代为来自域外的伊斯兰天文学体系所设置的专门机构也兼有同样的功能。内灵台等机构的存在有着中国古代宗教、政治文化的复杂背景,其运作经历千年以上,促进了中国天文学的进步和发展。
The operational mechanism of China＇s ancient astronomical institutions had involved a ＂two-track system＂ for a long time： establishing one main official institution in charge of observing and forecasting astronomical phenomena, calculating and designing the calendar, etc., and meanwhile establishing another parallel institutions mainly in charge of comparing observations and supervision. One representative of the latter was the Neilingtai, situated inside the Palace. Similar functions can be found in the institutions specifically set by the government in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties for the Islamic astronomical system. The origins and growth of such institutions are based on and affected by complicated factors, such as religious beliefs, politics and culture, and their operation has for over a thousand years greatly promoted the development of Chinese astronomy.
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期451-461,共11页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
2010年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(项目编号:10YJATT0006)
关键词
内灵台
钦天监
天文机构
对照和监督
Neilingtai, Astronomical Bureau, astronomical institutions, comparison and supervision
