摘要
【目的】为了探明滞育诱导期和滞育期间的光周期和温度如何影响亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis滞育的强度。【方法】采用不同条件下诱导的亚洲玉米螟滞育幼虫转到不同条件下解除滞育的方法,测试了亚洲玉米螟南昌种群滞育幼虫滞育解除的光周期反应、滞育诱导期和滞育期间的光周期和温度对滞育持续时间的影响及田间越冬幼虫滞育解除的时间进程。【结果】滞育解除是由光周期控制的,临界日长为14.5 h。在25℃和28℃,光周期13L︰11D诱导的滞育个体的滞育强度显著弱于11L︰13D和12L︰12D。滞育幼虫在长光周期15L︰9D和22,25和28℃解除滞育,显示了其滞育持续时间随温度的升高显著缩短,从22℃下的72 d降到28℃下的34 d。5℃的低温处理没有缩短滞育持续时间,但低温处理同步了滞育个体的化蛹时间。越冬幼虫不同时期从自然条件下转入恒温25℃,长光周期15L︰9D和短光周期12L︰12D的条件下解除滞育,显示了越冬幼虫滞育初期对光周期仍然敏感,但这种光敏感性在1月份后丧失。3年的田间观察揭示了50%滞育幼虫的化蛹时间出现在4月末至5月上旬,50%羽化时间出现在5月中旬。【结论】亚洲玉米螟滞育幼虫的滞育强度受到滞育诱导期和滞育期间的光周期和温度的显著影响。
[Objectives] To understand how diapause-inducing, or diapause-terminating, photoperiod and temperature influence the diapause intensity of the Asian corn borer, Ostriniafurnacalis. [Methods] Photoperiodic responses of diapause termination, the effect of diapause-inducing, or diapause-terminating, photoperiod and temperature on diapause termination, and the time course of diapause in overwintering O. furnacalis larvae under natural conditions, were investigated by transferring larvae in which diapause had been induced under different conditions to different diapause terminating conditions. [Results] Photoperiodic response curves for diapause termination showed that diapause termination was photoperiodically controlled with a critical day length of about 14.5 h. A rearing photoperiod of 13L ：11D evoked weaker intensity of diapause than did llL： 13D and 12L ： 12D at 25 and 28 ℃. When diapausing larvae were placed under 12L ： 12D at 25 ℃ to 15L ： 9D at 22, 25 and 28 ℃, the duration of diapause was significantly shortened with increasing temperature from 72 days at 22 ℃ to 34 days at 28 ℃. Chilling at 5 ℃ did not shorten the duration of diapause but synchronized pupation within the population. Transferring naturally overwintering larvae at different times to a short photoperiod of 12L ： 12D, or a long photoperiod of 15L ： 9D, at 25 ℃, indicated that larvae showed significant photoperiodic sensitivity during the early phase of diapause but that this declined until no photoperiodic sensitivity was detected after January. Field observations over 3 years revealed that 50% of pupae and adults of overwintering larvae occurred between the end of April and early and mid-May,respectively. [Conclusion] Diapause intensity of the Asian corn borer can be significantly affected by both diapause- inducing, and diapause-terminating, photoperiods and temperatures.
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期96-103,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31260430)
关键词
亚洲玉米螟
滞育强度
光周期
温度
Ostriniafurnacalis, diapause intensity, photoperiod, temperature
