摘要
20世纪80年代末以来,许多国家先后进行了公共服务标准化改革。英国、美国和南非是其中具有代表性的3个典型国家。当前,中国正在着力建立基本公共服务体系。开展公共服务标准化改革有助于缩小公共服务非均等化,改进公共服务质量。通过借鉴通用评估框架,从改革背景、改革参与者、伙伴关系、改革手段、服务标准、改革成就6个维度对英国、美国和南非的公共服务标准化改革进行了分析和比较。以三国的改革经验为借鉴,中国可以从以下5个方面着力,进一步推进公共服务标准化:建章立制,奖惩分明;政府公开,社会参与;重视基层,综合培养;细化标准,具体明确;完善监督,前后兼顾。
Since the end of the 1980 s, many countries, with Britain, the United States and South Africa as representatives, have carried out the reform of public service standardization. At present, China is trying to establish its fundamental public service system.The reform of public service standardization is helpful to reducing the non-equalization of public service and improving its quality.Based on the common assessment framework, this article analyzes and compares the reform of public service standardization in Britain, the United States and South Africa from six dimensions： background, participants, partnership, reform measures, service standards, and achievements. Drawing a lesson from the reform experience of the three countries, China can promote the standardization of public service from five aspects—publishing the outline of public service standards with clear rewards and punishments; promoting government affairs openness and encouraging social participation; paying attention to the street-level bureaucracy and providing comprehensive training opportunities; formulating detailed, specific and clear standards; improving supervision and taking into account the ex ante and ex post work.
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期81-87,共7页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
北京市自然科学基金青年项目资助(9174042)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目资助(16YJC630017)
国家自然科学基金青年项目资助(71603018)
北京市社会科学基金青年项目资助(17GLC043)
北京市优秀人才培养资助青年骨干个人项目资助(2015000020124G047)
北京理工大学青年教师学术启动计划(3210012261598)
关键词
公共服务标准化
公共服务标准化改革
公共服务章程
public service standardization
reform foubtic service standardilization
public service regulation
