摘要
荔枝,在我国有悠久的栽培历史。一直以来,很多学者都认为宋代岭南和巴蜀的荔枝都衰落了,而福建荔枝在宋代中后期后来居上,福建成为宋代荔枝的主要产区。其实岭南和巴蜀荔枝并非衰落,因为福建运输相较前两地方便,岭南和巴蜀荔枝由唐代的进贡,到宋代渐趋市场化,普及程度更高。而福建荔枝更多的是供上层消费。从某种意义上来看,岭南和巴蜀荔枝"飞入寻常百姓家",更能看出当时该地区荔枝的繁荣。而文章旨在从巴蜀荔枝产地之一的叙(戎)泸地区考证该地荔枝在宋代的辉煌历史,主要从自然环境、产量、品种、与当时其他荔枝产区的对比和对外运输交流这几个方面来论证宋代叙泸荔枝的盛况。通过与同时期岭南和福建荔枝对比得出叙泸地区荔枝产量高,品质好,品种优良的结论。当时已经学会了嫁接良种和培育荔枝新品种了,同时普及化程度也较高。经考证宋代叙泸地区荔枝应是从水路运至其他大城市的,并对宋以后荔枝衰落的原因进行分析。宋代叙泸地区荔枝不容小觑。
Lychee has a long history of cultivation in China.Many scholars believed that the Lychee industry of the Ling Nan and Ba Shu in the Song Dynasty declined,and Fujian lychee was introduced in the Song Dynasty.Due to the unique natural conditions,Fujian became the main producing area of the lychee in the Song Dynasty.In fact,Lingnan and Bashu litchi was not fading,because Fujian transport was more convenient compared to the first two,Lingnan and Bashu litchi was tribute in Tang Dynasty,but gradually put in the market in Song Dynasty,leading to a higher degree of popularity.Fujian lychee is mainly for the upper class consumption.In a sense,Lingnan and Bashu litchi＂flies into the homes of ordinary people＂,which shows the prosperity of litchi production in the region at that time.This article aims to study the glorious history of the litchi in the Song Dynasty from Syria（Lu）and Lu area,one of the origins of lychee from the natural environment,the output,the variety,by comparison with other litchi producing areas.Compared with the same period of Lingnan and Fujian litchi,the variety,yield and quality of Syrian region litchi are superior.At that time people learned to graft the seeds and cultivate litchi new varieties,while the degree of popularity was also higher.Textual research in the Song Dynasty shows that Syrian region lychee was transported through waterway to other large cities.And the reasons for the decline of litchi after the Song Dynasty is also analyzed.In Song Dynasty,litchi in Syria（Lu）region could not be underestimated.
出处
《古今农业》
2017年第4期48-58,共11页
Ancient and Modern Agriculture
关键词
宋代
叙(戎)、泸
荔枝
繁荣
对外运输
Song dynasty, Xu, Lu, Lychee, Prosperity, Foreign transportation
