摘要
基于GIS与RS技术,利用RULSE模型,结合遥感影像、DEM、降雨量、土壤类型、NDVI、土地利用等基础数据,研究北盘江流域的土壤侵蚀空间分布特征,进一步分析土壤侵蚀强度空间变化与坡度、土地利用类型等因子间的关系。结果表明:(1)北盘江流域内较低侵蚀等级的分布主要以块状为主,在整个流域的上中下游皆有分布,较高侵蚀等级的分布主要以条带状为主,条带的延展方向与河流基本相一致;(2)土壤侵蚀面积最大的坡度为8°~15°和15°~25°两个坡度带,占土壤总侵蚀面积比率的61.08%,同时也是土壤侵蚀量最大的两个坡度带,占到总侵蚀总量的60.74%,此外,15°是土壤侵蚀发生变化的一个显著界限,在坡度小于15°时,土壤侵蚀面积比率大于土壤侵蚀量比率,而当坡度大于15°时,土壤侵蚀面积比率小于土壤侵蚀量比率;(3)在各土地利用类型中,侵蚀面积和侵蚀量最大的土地利用类型是林地,其次是草地,两者合计占到总侵蚀面积的74.32%,占总侵蚀量的80.24%。
Based on the GIS and RS techniques, the spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion in the Beipanjiang River Basin were studied by using the RULSE model and the basic date of remote sensing image, DEM, rainfall, soil type, NDVI and land use.The relationship between some factors( such as spatial variation of soil erosion intensity, slope, land use type etc.) were further analyzed. The results showed that(1)The distribution of lower erosion grade in the Beipanjiang River basin was mainly as mass, and it was distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the whole basin. The distribution of the higher erosion grade was mainly as strip, and its direction was consistent with the river;(2)The maximum slopes of the soil erosion area were 8 ° ~ 15 ° and 15 ° ~ 25 °,that accounted for 61. 08% of the total soil erosion area. While there were the largest slope of soil erosion, accounting for 60. 74% of the total erosion. In addition, this paper found that 15 ° was a significant boundary of soil erosion changes. When the slope was less than 15 °, soil erosion area ratio was greater than soil erosion ratio; When the slope was more than 15 °,it would be the reverse;(3)Among the land use types,the largest land use types of erosion area and erosion amount were woodland, followed by grassland, which accounted for 74.32% and 80. 24% of total erosion area and total erosion, respectively.
出处
《人民珠江》
2018年第2期19-25,共7页
Pearl River
基金
国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFC0502300
No.2016YFC0502102)
