摘要
目的探讨饮食知识健康教育和运动干预方式对中国城市初中生体质指数(BMI)和肥胖水平的干预效果,为青少年肥胖控制提供科学依据。方法于2015年9月,在天津、内江、大连抽取初一和初二1 491名学生作为研究对象,随机分为干预组(720人)和对照组(771人),对干预组进行综合干预(健康教育和运动干预),对照组进行普通干预(发放健康手册和知识讲座),为期10月,干预前后分别进行问卷调查和体格测量。结果干预组肥胖学生BMI由干预前的30.1 kg/m^2下降为28.9 kg/m^2,对照组肥胖学生BMI由干预前的29.9 kg/m^2下降为29.4 kg/m^2,干预组肥胖学生BMI下降显著高于对照组。其中,干预组肥胖男生BMI由干预前的30.0 kg/m^2下降为28.6 kg/m^2,对照组肥胖男生BMI由干预前的29.5 kg/m^2下降为28.9 kg/m^2,干预组肥胖男生BMI下降显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在肥胖女生中干预不显著(P>0.05)。干预组学生工作日久坐行为时间由干预前的4.2 h下降为4.1 h,对照组学生干预前后均为4.4 h;干预组学生每周吃水果蔬菜天数由干预前的4.5 d增加为5.1 d,对照组学生干预前后均为4.8 d,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康教育和运动干预相结合有助于提高学生体力活动水平,明显降低肥胖学生尤其是男生肥胖水平,但干预效果仍存在性别差异。
Objective To explore the effect of school-based health education on dietary behavior combined with physical activity intervention on body mass index （BMI） and obesity rate among urban junior high school students in China and to provide evidences for obesity control among adolescents. Methods A total of 1 491 students of first and second grade were selected with random sampling from 10 junior high schools in the urban areas of Tianjin, Neijiang, and Dalian city for the study in September, 2015. Demographic data and body measurement indicators were collected prior to the initiation of a 10-month intervention program. The students were then randomly attributed to a comprehensive intervention group （n = 720） with health education and physical activity integrated intervention and to a control group （n = 771） with only lectures and reading material for health education. A post intervention survey was performed to obtain the information on knowledge, behavior of and attitude towards healthy life style, and physical measurement was also undertaken. Results The average BMI of obese students in the intervention group decreased from 30.1 ± 5.8 kg/m2 to 28.9 ± 3.4 kg/m2; while that of obese students in the control group decreased by only 0.5 kg/m2 after the intervention. The mean BMI of male obese students in the intervention group was 28.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2 after the intervention, which was significantly lower that that （30.0 ± 7.3 kg/m2） before the intervention, and the decline was significantly greater than that （0.6 kg/m2） of their counterparts in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. No significant intervention effect was observed in the female students in both the case and the control group （both P 〉 0.05）. After the intervention, the sedentary time was reduced by 0.1 hour per weekday and the number of days with intakes of vegetables and fruits was increased by 0.6 day per week among the students of the case group but no variation in sedentary time and vegetable and fruit consumption per week were
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期33-37,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
湖北省卫生厅项目(JX6B02)
关键词
青少年
肥胖
健康教育
运动干预
adolescents
obesity
health education
physical activity intervention
