摘要
1898年(光绪二十四年),腺鼠疫在广东东部潮嘉地区大规模流行,成千上万人死于可怕的疫症,社会陷入恐慌。人们如何应对这一场前所未有、来自外埠的危机?以《岭东日报》潮嘉新闻报道为中心的材料呈示了潮嘉地区应对恐慌的过程,新旧交替的社会场景和不同观念的面相:沿袭着传统观念,这种难以治愈的疫病被看做"天谴",平息疫情的方法,也只有求诸巫神。然而此时西医已经传入,传统禳灾做法受到批评,源于西方的防疫和卫生观念作为批评的武器出现,并被付诸实践。各地洁净局、卫生社、防疫所纷纷成立,制定公共卫生制度,整治环境卫生,使用疫苗注射法防治疫病。危机逐渐平息。在这个过程中,与外域保持最紧密信息联系的报人和商人、来自海外的传教士和西医生,起到重要作用。
In 1898( the 24 th year during Guangxu Emperor's reign),bubonic plague broke out in Chaozhou-Jiaying district of east Guangdong province. While causing deaths of thousands of people,this disease aroused panic around the region. How have the locals dealt with this unprecedented alien epidemic? Bearing this question in mind,this paper takes the news reports from the Lingdong Daily as materials and endeavors to describe how the local government fought against the epidemic and to present the social panorama and popular psychology during the transition of China. On the one hand,some people adhered to the feudalist tradition and regarded this intractable disease as the curse from Heaven,thinking the best remedy was to call for help from deities. On the other hand,such practice was criticized as western medicine had since long been introduced into China. As a result,some people adopted western preventive measures and sanitary concepts to fight against this epidemic. With the immediate establishment of many sanitary bureaus,health centers and disease control institutions,many rules and regulations were enacted to improve environmental sanitation,and vaccinations were enforced against this contagious disease. In the whole process,those who had close contact with the outside world,such as the news agents,businessmen,western-medicine trained doctors and missionaries,had played very important roles.
出处
《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期32-38,189,共7页
Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition
基金
广东省教育厅人文社会科学一般项目"<岭东日报>资料整理与近代潮汕社会史研究"(11WYXM036)
潮州市哲学社会科学规划课题"教育与社会:清末潮汕区域史研究"(2011-A-06)
关键词
1898
年
潮嘉地区
鼠疫
西医文化传播
in 1898
Chaozhou-Jiaying district
bubonic plague
western medicine culture spread
