摘要
以早熟品种白红2号、中熟品种冀红9218和晚熟品种唐山红小豆为试材,在苗期、分枝期、开花期、结荚期和鼓粒期测定不同短日照处理下小豆植株的生长指标、干物质积累、光合和荧光参数以及产量形成因素的变化.结果表明,短日照降低株高、茎粗、节间长度和叶柄长度并减少主茎分枝数、主茎节数和叶片数,同时抑制植株各部位干物质的积累,处理时间越长,抑制作用越大.净光合速率(Pn)和细胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)的高峰期出现在开花和结荚期,气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)呈现苗期和分枝期降低,开花至鼓粒期升高的趋势,但因不同品种而稍有差异.各个生育时期的最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ的原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)在不同生育时期呈现升高趋势且短日照时间越长,升高越多,3个品种相比较,唐山红小豆升高幅度较大,白红2号升高幅度较小.产量和产量构成因素呈降低趋势且短日照处理时间越长降低越多.短日照不利于小豆的植株生长和干物质积累,虽可以提高小豆叶片的光合特性并加速电子传递过程,但对小豆产量均表现为负效应.
Early maturing variety of Baihong No.2, medium maturing variety of Jihong 9218 and late maturing variety of Tangshan- hong xiaodou were selected as experimental materials in this study, and plant growth, dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield for^nation were monitored under different short-day photoperiod treatments at seedling, branching, flowering,podding and seed-filling stages. The results demonstrated that short-day photoperiod decreased plant height, stem diameter,length of internode and petiole length,and reduced branch number,node number and leaf number. Meanw, hile,dry matter accumulation was inhibited by short-day photoperiod,and the longer inducement time,the greater inhibition effect was. Net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and concentration of intercellular C〇 2 （Ci） peaked at flowering and podding stages. Stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate （Tr） decreased at seedling and branching stages yet increased from flowering to seed-filling stages,but variation trend differed among varieties. The maximum fluorescence （FM）,maximum photochemical efficiency of PS H in the dark-ness （Fv/Fm） and actual photochemical efficiency of PS H in the light （ OPS H ） all increased along inducement time and the a-mount of increase varied among varieties,except minor reductions at some growing periods for some varieties,the rising range of Tangshanhong xiaodou was larger and Baihong No.2 was smaller. Yield and yield components decreased and the reductions increased along the inducement time. On the other hand, short-day photoperiod improved the photosynthetic characteristics and accelerated e-lectron transfer but its impact on yield was negative.
出处
《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期38-47,共10页
Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金(31271653)
河北省自然科学基金(C 2015204095)
关键词
小豆
短日照
植株生长
叶片生理
产量
adzuki bean
short-day photoperiod
plant growth
leaf physiological parameters
yield
