摘要
由里耶秦简可知,秦代乡官、县属吏、县尉间的绝大多数文书往来,均需经由县令、县丞转送;乡官、县属吏、县尉没有自主收发县外文书的职权,这一权力掌握在县令、县丞那里;县令、县丞能越过所属郡直接与外郡县令、县丞乃至郡守、郡尉以文书联系;目前所见,唯有文书传达目的县未明或目的县为同郡的所有属县时,跨郡的涉县文书才需要通过目的县所属郡的郡守或郡尉来转发;秦代县间的文书往来,一般遵循"县令→县令""县丞→县丞"的对等文书收发原则,但当县令、县丞中一方不在署或空缺时,另一方可代替其处理文书。这一变通亦适用在二者同上级的文书来往中。整体而言,县令、县丞处在秦代地方文书行政中的中心位置。
With Qin Bamboo Slips of Liye,we can found that the vast majority of official documents exchanged between Township Officials,County Staffs,Military assistant of County Magistrate in the Qin Dynasty were required to transfer via the County Magistrate, Civil Assistant of County Magistrate; Township Officials, County Staffs, Military assistant of County Magistrate had no authority to receive and send other county's official documents independently. This power was rested in the County Magistrate and his Civil Assistant; The County Magistrate and his Civil Assistant can cross the prefecture to which they belonged and directly contact with their official documents the County Magistrate,his Civil Assistant and even prefect,Military assistant of prefect in other regions; From current findings,only when official documents convey purpose county unknown or all purpose counties in the same prefecture,the county-documents cross prefecture need to be forwarded by the prefect or his Military assistant to which purpose county belonged; Official documents between the inter-county in the Qin Dynasty generally followed the receive-send principles of the "County Magistrate to County Magistrate,Civil Assistant to Civil Assistant ". But when the County Magistrate or his Civil Assistant is not in the department or vacancy,the other party can replace its clerical. This accommodation is also applicable in both documents dealings with superiors. In general,the County Magistrate and Civil Assistant were at the center position with local administrative instruments in the Qin Dynasty.
出处
《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》
2018年第1期31-39,共9页
Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University
关键词
秦代
里耶秦简
异地同级文书
地方官员
Qin Dynasty
Qin Bamboo Slips of Liye
peer official documents in different ameas
Local Officials
