摘要
采煤所引发的地面塌陷是我国常见的地质灾害之一,我国的能源结构较为单一,其中煤矿资源丰富,占总能源结构的70%以上。因此,大规模的煤炭开采使得地下采空区广布,在某些诱导因素的作用下就会形成地质灾害。影响地面塌陷的因素较多,文章主要涉及的有采深采厚比、采空区大小、采煤方法和顶板管理方法、煤层倾角、水文地质条件、构造应力和覆岩的结构与硬度等7个因素,并且通过使用层次分析法得出采深采厚比、采空区规模和覆岩的结构与硬度是主要影响因素。
Ground collapse induced by coal mining is a common geological disaster in China.There is a relative simple energy structure and coal accounts for more than 70% in the total energy in China.Underground gob areas widely distribute as a result of large-scale coal mining,and some inducing factors would cause geological disasters.While there are many factors affecting ground subsidence,this paper mainly involves seven ones,including mining depth and thickness ratio,the size of goaf,mining and roof management methods,coal seam dip angle,hydrogeological conditions,tectonic stress,and overlying strata structure and hardness.With Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）,it is concluded that the mining depth to thickness ratio,the size of the goaf,and the structure and hardness of the overlying strata are the major influencing factors.
出处
《山西煤炭》
2018年第1期9-12,共4页
Shanxi Coal
基金
山西省自然科学基金面上项目(201701D121015)
关键词
地面塌陷
影响因素
层次分析法
权重计算
ground collapse
influencing factors
Analytic Hierarchy Process
weight calculation
