摘要
江汉平原大平小不平,具有平原湖区、平缓岗地区和起伏丘陵区3种微地貌单元。以江汉平原为研究区,研究分析微地貌格局下土地利用的特征。将江汉平原土地利用图层(1990,2010年)与微地貌单元图进行叠置,提取不同地貌单元下两期土地利用类型图斑的周长、面积等信息;分析验证了江汉平原微地貌单元下各土地利用类型存在分形关系,采用分维数等指标定量分析了不同微地貌单元下各土地利用类型的特征和变化方向。结果表明:(1)各微地貌单元土地利用类型结构差异明显,平原湖区和起伏丘陵区耕地占绝对主导地位,而平缓岗地区林地占绝对主导地位。(2)各土地利用类型斑块的连片性在不同微地貌单元呈现出很大差异。1990—2010年平原湖区耕地、水域、建设用地和未利用地的连片性均很好,而起伏丘陵区仅有林地和草地表现出最好的连片性。(3)1990—2010年平原湖区各地类分维数呈下降趋势,稳定性增加;各微地貌区土地利用类型的分维数和稳定性指数值及其变化在一定程度上反映了地形地貌、自然环境及人类干扰对土地利用变化的影响。
Taking Jianghan Plain as the study area,the paper has studied the influence of micro-landform pattern on land use characteristic and change direction. The Jianghan Plain had the character of overall flat but ups and downs in the middle forming three micro-landform units that is plain lakes area,gently gradated mounds area and rolling hills area. The overlay analysis of land use layers and micro-landform maps were done to extract the information of their perimeters and areas,etc,describing the land use patches; then,on the basis of validation the fractal relation of area-perimeter of various land-use types were objective existence under different micro-landform units of the Jianghan Plain,some indices such as the fractal dimension and the stability index were calculated to quantitatively analyze the characteristic and change direction of the different land use types in the micro-landform units of the Jianghan Plain. The results are as following:( 1) The structure differentiation of land use types under different micro-landform units is obvious. The cultivated land occupied an absolutely dominant position in plain lakes area and rolling hills area,while the woodland played a dominant role in gently gradient mounds area.( 2)The connectivity of different land use types show great differentiation under different micro-landform units. The cultivated land,waters,construction and unutilized land all showed better connectivity in plain lakes area from 1990 to 2010; while only the woodland and grassland showed the best connectivity in rolling hills area because of the restricted space.( 3) The fractal dimension of land use types is on the decline in plain lakes area from 1990 to 2010,while the stability index is increasing; the value of fractal dimension and stability index and its changes of land use types under different micro-landform reflect the effects of topography,natural environment and human interference on land use change in some degree. This research improves our understanding of the differentiation of land use
出处
《地域研究与开发》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期138-142,164,共6页
Areal Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41571487)
湖北省自然科学基金创新群体资助项目(2016CFA027)
湖北省自然科学基金项目(2016CFB558)
关键词
微地貌单元
土地利用
连片度
分维数
江汉平原
micro-landform units
land use
connectivity
fractal dimension
Jianghan Plain
