摘要
继飞机二次能源逐步统一为电能形成多电/全电飞机之后,电推进技术成为飞机动力系统电气化的重要发展方向,有望进一步提高飞机动力系统能量转换效率、降低燃油消耗和排放,代表了航空电气化的高级阶段。飞机电力系统及相关技术是支撑电推进技术发展的重要基础。系统总结了电推进飞机的类型与发展现状,论述了飞机混合动力系统及分布式电推进系统的基本概念、特点与意义。阐述了航空电推进系统的基本结构,比较了适用于分布式电推进系统的电力系统架构,系统分析了实现电推进技术所需的高效高功率密度电机、高效大容量功率变换器和综合热管理等关键技术。小型纯电动飞机正在逐步迈向实用化,而分布式混合电推进技术是中大型飞机电气化的重要方向,仍然需要航空机电和动力系统等交叉融合与创新发展。
The electric propulsion technology has become a significant direction of electrification of aircraft power system after more/all electric aircraft gradually unifies the secondary power into electric power,and represents the advanced stage of electrification of aircraft.The electric propulsion system is expected to further improve energy conversion efficiency of traditional aircraft power plants,and as a result greatly improve fuel consumption and emission performance of aircraft.The system and related technologies are important support for the development of the electric propulsion technology.In this paper,the types and art of the state of electric propulsion aircraft are systematically summarized.The basic concepts,characteristics and significance of the hybrid power system and distributed electric propulsion system are discussed.The basic structure of the electric propulsion system is described,and the architectures of the electric power system suitable for the distributed electric propulsion system are compared.Key technologies of the electric propulsion system including high efficiency and high power density machines,high efficiency and high capacity power converters,thermal management,etc.,are discussed systematically.So far,small electric aircraft are becoming more and more practical,but the distributed hybrid electric propulsion technology,which is an important direction for electrification of medium and large aircraft,still need combination and innovation of aviation electromechanical devices and power systems.
出处
《航空学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期46-62,共17页
Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(51622704)
江苏省杰出青年科学基金(BK20150033)~~
关键词
分布式电推进飞机
混合电推进
电力系统
电机与电力电子
超导电工
distributed electric propulsion aircraft
hybrid electric propulsion
electric power system
electric machines and power electronics
superconducting electrical technology
