摘要
目的调查并分析某医学院校医学生与非医学生的PM_(2.5)认知现状及差异,为医学院校人才培养提供借鉴和参考。方法随机选择150名医学生和50名非医学生发放自行设计的调查量表,调查量表采用SPSS分析其信度和效度。结果调查量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.809,累积贡献率>65%,共同度值>0.45,最大因子负荷>0.60;调查量表具有较高的信度和效度。PM_(2.5)相关知识总体知晓率仅为53.3%;人为污染源知晓率>自然污染源;呼吸系统健康损害知晓率>生殖系统和循环系统。医学生与非医学生在"厨房烟气"(AS8)、"血脂升高"(H3)、"新生儿体重低"(H5)、"呼吸道黏膜对PM_(2.5)的作用"(Q2)和"植树造林"(P1)等项目影响的认知存在显著性差异(P<0.05);其中AS8、H3、H5和Q2医学生的认知高于非医学生,而P1为非医学生的认知高于医学生。结论在医学院校中开设环境与健康类的公共选修课程或开展环境保护志愿活动等有利于医学院校学生相关知识认知的提高和今后健康教育与宣传工作的开展。
Objective To investigate the cognition of PM（2.5） in medical and non-medical students of a medical college to provide reference for the training of students in medical institution. Methods The survey was conducted by self-designed questionnaire in 150 medical and 50 non-medical students selected by random sampling. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS 18. 0. Results The questionnaire was good in internal consistency and construct validity with a Cronbach＇s α coefficient of 0. 809,a cumulative contribution rate 65%,a common value 0. 45 and a maximum factor loading 0. 60. The awareness rate of knowledge on PM（2.5） was 53. 3%. The awareness rate on the artificial source of pollution was higher than that on natural source of pollution,and the awareness rate on the health lesion of respiratory system was higher than that of reproductive and cardiovascular system. The cognition on the effect of 5 items,such as ＂the smoke in kitchen＂（ AS8）,＂elevated blood lipids＂（ H3）,＂neonatal underweight＂（ H5）,＂PM（2.5） on respiratory mucosa＂（ Q2） and ＂forest planting＂（ P1）,was significantly different between medical and non-medical students. The awareness rate of AS8,H3,H5 and Q2 in medical was higher than that in non-medical students. The awareness rate of P1 in non-medical students was higher than that in medical. Conclusion Setting public elective courses on environment and health and developing voluntary activities are helpful for improving the cognition on environmental protection and developing health propagation and education.
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2017年第5期386-390,共5页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
