摘要
随着社会经济和汽车工业的蓬勃发展，电力系统外绝缘污秽成分逐渐趋于多样性，不同污秽对硅橡胶复合绝缘子污闪特性的影响不同，现有研究大多未对这一因素加以考虑。该文试验研究了硅橡胶绝缘子在NaCl、CaSO4、MgSO4、KNO3、NaNO3、NHNO3、Mg（NO3）2、Ca（NO3）28种常见单一可溶污秽成分下的污闪特性，试验中，采用浸污法对试品进行染污，恒压升降法获取绝缘子闪络电压；根据试验结果，对可溶污秽成分对绝缘子污闪特性的影响机理进行了分析，并对其影响规律进行了探究。结果表明：硅橡胶复合绝缘子在不同可溶污秽成分下对应的污闪特性有所差异，但均可用负幂函数表征污闪梯度与等值盐密（equivalent saltdeposit density, ESDD）的关系；相同ESDD下，NaCl对应较低的污闪电压梯度，而CaSO4对应较高的污闪梯度，硝酸盐的n值介于0．178～0．238之间：各可溶污秽成分阴离子对应的污闪梯度规律为CI-〈N03-〈SO42-；对于硝酸盐而言，其阳离子对应的污闪梯度大小为K＋〈Na＋、NH4＋〈Ca2＋；在单一易溶污秽染污情况下，硅橡胶复合绝缘子污闪梯度特征参数6c与n之间满足线性负相关关系，即a可用n的线性函数进行表示，这可为工程设计减少试验次数，节约设计成本。
With the development of social economy and automobile industry, the pollution constituents of outdoor insulation trends to be various. However, the flashover performance of silicone rubber insulator varies with the type of soluble pollution constituents, which has not been taken into consideration of most existing researches. This paper conducted experiment to study the flashover performance of silicone rubber insulator polluted by eight kinds of soluble salts （NaCl, CaSO4, MgSO4, KNO3, NaNO3, NH4NO3, Mg（NO3）2, Ca（NO3）2） respectively. Dipping method was adopted to pollute the samples and up-and-down method was applied to obtain the flashover voltage during the test. Based on the test results, the influence principles of soluble pollution constituents on insulator flashover performance were analyzed, and the influence rules were proposed. Research results indicate that, the flashover performance of silicone rubber insulator varies with the type of soluble pollution constituents, the relationship between flashover voltage gradient and equivalent salt deposit density （ESDD） can be characterized by negative power function; Under the same ESDD, NaCl corresponds to low flashover gradient while CaSO4 corresponds to the high one, the characteristic exponent n of nitrates are within 0.178 - 0.238; the corresponding flashover gradient of anions can be summarized as Cl〈NO3-〈SO42-, and which is K＋〈Na＋,NH4＋〈 Ca/＋ for cations of soluble nitrates; when silicone rubber insulators are polluted by simplex soluble constituents, the flashover gradient characteristic a can be expressed as thelinear function of n, which can be applied in outdoor insulation design to reduce the workload and cost of tests.
出处
《中国电机工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期320-329,共10页
Proceedings of the CSEE
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0900904)
国家留学基金~~
关键词
硅橡胶
绝缘子
污秽成分
等值盐密
闪络电压梯度
silicone rubber
insulator
pollutionconstituents
equivalent salt deposit density
flashover voltagegradient
