摘要
利用筛选的13对草鱼多态性微卫星标记,开展了2011至2015年长江中游草鱼亲本增殖放流对野生群体遗传多样性的影响评估。通过对各位点的遗传多样性分析,13个微卫星位点的多态信息含量为0.8622(0.657~0.950),基因多样度为0.8555(0.675~0.936)。15个群体的有效等位基因数为7.4503~10.1536,等位基因丰度为11.483~15.204,说明15个草鱼群体的遗传多样性水平总体较高。遗传分化指数分析表明,群体间不存在显著遗传分化(FST<5%)。通过贝叶斯聚类分析和主成分分析可将草鱼群体分为4个组群,根据分组结果以及来源划分分别对草鱼群体进行AMOVA分析,发现遗传变异大部分来自于群体内个体间,组间及组内群体间的分化水平较低(FCT<5%,FSC<5%),与FST分析结果一致。研究表明,当前草鱼亲本增殖放流模式对野生群体遗传结构影响不明显。
The natural resources of grass carp（Ctenopharyngodon idella） in Yangtze River have significantly decreased in the past decades. In recent years, large-scale releases of brood grass carp are carried out for ecological restoration in Yangtze River. In order to assess the genetic effect of released brood fishes on wild population in the middle reaches of Yangtze River, thirteen polymorphism microsatellite markers were selected to genotype the genetic differentiation among released and wild populations. Fifteen populations were sampled, including ten released and five wild populations. The results showed that polymorphic information content and gene diversity of the microsatellite loci was 0.8622（0.657–0.950） and 0.8555（0.675–0.936）, respectively. The number of effective alleles of the 15 populations ranged from 7.4503 to 10.1536, and allelic richness from 11.483 to 15.204, which indicated that genetic diversity of grass carp populations was moderately high. The total and pairwise genetic differentiation indexes（FST） were low to 5%, loci implying that there was no significant genetic differentiation among populations. The 15 grass carp populations were divided into 4 groups based on Bayesian clustering analysis and principal component analysis. According to above grouping and geographic distribution of the 15 grass carp populations, we have conducted AMOVA analysis, as a result, most of the genetic variation of grass carp populations came from inter-individuals, and the level of genetic differentiation among groups was low（FCT5%; FSC5%）. In summary, there was hardly any genetic effect of releasing nature grass carp on wild populations in the Yangtze River under current model.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期10-17,共8页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金(51579247)~~
关键词
草鱼
微卫星
遗传多样性
增殖放流
Ctenopharyngodon idella
microsatellite
genetic diversity
releasing
