摘要
以杜仲林地为例,采用不完全试验设计施肥方案,分析了不同施肥对白及林下栽培生长量的影响。结果表明:(1)施肥能促进白及林下栽培的生长,当氮磷钾(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O)施肥量为30 kg·0.067 hm^(-2)时,其生长势最好,苗高为13.67 cm,地径为0.44 cm;施肥对白及苗高、地径的生长呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。(2)施肥对白及块茎生长均有影响,随着施肥量的增加,白及块茎长、块茎宽、分芽数及块茎重量的生长量逐渐增大;当氮磷钾(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O)施肥量为30 kg·0.067 hm^(-2)时,块茎生长各项指标表现最好,块茎长高于对照(CK)的40.67%,块茎宽高于对照(CK)的91.27%,分芽数高于对照(CK)的79.85%,块茎重量高于对照(CK)的298.90%,白及产量最高;施肥对白及块茎长、块茎宽、分芽数、块茎重量的生长呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。(3)建议在白及林下栽培时,应在种植前施足有机肥,在快速生长期追施氮肥为主,在开花期和块茎膨大期追施氮磷钾复合肥,以促进白及块茎的生长发育。
Eucommia ulmoides forest land was taken as an example, the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth of Bletilla striata under forest cultivation were studied by using incomplete fertili- zation design. The results showed that （ 1 ） the fertilizer could promote the growth of Bletilla striata under forest cultivation. The seedlings grew the best with the height of 13.67 cm and the diameter of 0. 44 cm when nitrogen phosphorus and potassium （N： P205： K20） fertilizer was 30 kg per 0. 067 hectare and fertilization on plant height, ground diameter growth showed significant difference （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; （2） The effects of fertilization were studied on the growth of Bletilla striata tubers, with the increase of fertilization amount, the tuber length, tuber width, tuber number and tuber weight of Bletilla striata increased gradually; When the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium （N： P2 05： K20） fertilizer was 30 kg per 0. 067 hec-tare, the tuber grew the best, with its length 40. 67% higher than that of the control （ CK）, width 91.27% higher tuber number 79.85% higher, tuber weight 298.90% higher and the highest yield of Bletilla striata; Fertilization on tuber length, width, number and tuber weight growth showed significant difference （P 〈 0. 01 ）; （3） It was suggested that organic fertilizer should be applied before planting in Bletilla striata under forest cultivation, and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in the fast growing stage. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied in the flowering and tuber swelling stages to promote the growth and development of Bletilla striata tubers.
出处
《四川林业科技》
2017年第6期20-26,共7页
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology
基金
四川省省财政专项资金-林下主要伴生中草药配置模式研究(ZL2016-16)
关键词
白及
林下栽培
施肥
生长量
Bletilla striata, Under forest cultivation, Fertilization, Growth
