摘要
飞机尾流是飞机飞行时在其后方形成的一对反向旋转的强烈旋涡,是航空安全和大气物理等领域的特别关注的研究对象,飞机尾流的特性和探测是其行为预测和危害评估等研究的基础。该文首先根据气象条件,将飞机尾流分类为晴空尾流(包括尾湍流和凝结尾迹)和降水条件下尾流(包括雨雾雪等)。然后介绍了不同气象条件下飞机尾流的动力学特性和散射特性,总体认为:晴空下的尾湍流的微波雷达散射能力较弱,但其因包括浮尘等微粒而具有较好的激光雷达散射能力;凝结尾迹及降水条件下的尾流因包括丰富的冰晶或降水粒子而具有较强的微波雷达散射能力。进一步地,针对不同气象条件,介绍了飞机尾流的激光雷达和微波雷达联合探测方案,以及相应的特征参数反演算法。最后进行了总结和展望。
Aircraft wake vortex is a pair of strong counter-rotating vortices and has attracted considerable attention in various fields including aviation safety and atmospheric physics. The characteristics and detection of wake vortex act as the basis for both behavior prediction as well as hazard assessment. This paper provides a short survey of the characteristics and detection researches. Initially, the wake vortex is classified as clear-air wake vortex（i.e., wake turbulence and contrail） and precipitation wake vortex（i.e., under rainy, foggy or snowy condition）. Subsequently, the dynamics and scattering are introduced, and the main verdicts are： the radar（radio detection and ranging） scattering of wake vortex is relatively weak under clear air conditions, but the Lidar（Light detection and ranging） scattering is appreciable owing to the presence of particles such as aerosols. Wake vortices under precipitation conditions and contrails possess relatively good radar reflectivity owing the strong scattering characteristics of precipitation droplets and ice crystals. Furthermore, we have introduced a joint detection scheme of Lidar and radar for wake vortex along with parameter-retrieval algorithms. Finally,we have presented our conclusions and intended future research.
出处
《雷达学报（中英文）》
CSCD
2017年第6期653-672,共20页
Journal of Radars
基金
国家自然科学基金(61771479
41375040
61490649)~~
关键词
晴空飞机尾流
湿性飞机尾流
激光雷达
微波雷达
特征参数反演
Clear-air wake vortex
Precipitation wake vortex
Light detection and ranging （Lidar）
Radar
Parameter-retrieval
