摘要
活性染料染色过程中盐用量大、染料利用率低等问题已经成为制约印染行业可持续发展的重大瓶颈问题。本研究通过创造有利于织物上染液中水分向纤维内部扩散的微环境,促使水分子快速扩散进入纤维内部无定形区,诱导染液中的染料阴离子转化为电中性染料分子并扩散进入无定形区与纤维发生亲核反应形成共价键,消除染料与纤维之间的静电斥力,实现了在无盐条件下织物的活性染料连续染色。结果表明,对于纯棉高支高密织物、灯芯绒和毛巾等厚重织物来说,用无盐连续染色工艺染色后织物的各项颜色指标和固色率均优于传统轧烘轧蒸工艺,并且从根本上消除了轧烘轧蒸染色因染料泳移所造成的阴阳色差,提高了染色一次成功率,减少了化学品、能源和水资源消耗,降低了生产成本。更重要的是无盐染色可以从根本上减少废水中的盐含量,提高废水的生化处理效率,增加双膜法废水再生回用率和膜的使用寿命。
During the dyeing process of reactive dyes, the problem of large amount of salt and low utilization rate of dyes has become a major bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of the printing and dyeing industry. By creating a microenvironment that facilitated the diffusion of water in the dye liquor into the fiber, water molecules rapidly diffuse into the amorphous interior of the fiber. The dye anion in the dye liquor was induced into electrical neutral dye molecules and diffused into the amorphous region, then the dye molecules formed covalent bond with fiber by nucleophilic reaction. The results showed that the color index and the fixing rate of the fabrics dyed with salt-free continuous dyeing process were better than that of the traditional roll-baking and steaming process for the heavy fabric such as high density and high density cotton fabric, corduroy and towel. The process fundamentally eliminated the color difference caused by dye migration, which improved the dyeing success rate, reduced the consumption of chemicals, energy and water resources, and reduced the production cost. More importantly, salt-free dyeing process could fundamentally reduce the salt content in wastewater, improve the biochemical treatment efficiency of wastewater, increase the wastewater regenerative reutilization rate of double-membrane method and the service life of membrane.
出处
《染整技术》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第12期50-54,共5页
Textile Dyeing and Finishing Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB03098
2016YFC0400503)
国家科技支撑计划(2014BAE01B01
2014BAC13B02)
山东省自主创新成果转化重大专项(2012ZHZX1A0914)
天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(14JCZDJC37200)
关键词
活性染料
无盐染色
理论
reactive dyes
salt free dyeing
theory
