摘要
重金属污染对生态环境和人类健康均具有极大危害,建立灵敏、快捷、高效的重金属检测技术具有非常重要的现实意义.现有检测技术对大型仪器设备具有较强的依赖性,并且在检测条件、时间以及成本上的要求较高,难以满足当前重金属快速监测和预警工作的需要.纳米材料的飞速发展为解决环境重金属污染物检测所面临的问题提供了良好的理论基础和技术支持.功能化纳米材料与传统检测方法的结合,衍生出具有高灵敏、高通量的快速检测方法.本文主要综述了近年来常用的几种功能识别分子和功能化纳米材料在环境中重金属快速检测应用的研究进展,指出了重金属快速检测技术在实际应用中可能面临的问题,并对未来的发展前景进行了展望.
Heavy metal contaminants are harmful to both ecological systems and human health,so it is important and urgent to establish sensitive,fast and efficient methods for detecting heavy metals.The current detection techniques were established on the basis of large instruments, but the requirements on the detection conditions,time and cost are higher. So it is difficult to meet the needs of heavy metal detection. The rapid development of nanomaterials provides a good theoretical and technical support to solve the problem of heavy metal detection. Highly sensitive,high through put and rapid detection methods have been developed with the combination of functional nanomaterials and the traditional detection. This paper mainly summarizes the different types of materials for specific/selective recognition of heavy metals as well as the progress of application of several types of nanomaterials used in heavy metal detection in recent years. These nanomaterials include gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots and carbon materials. Based on the unique and excellent properties,functional nanomaterials might have a great potential in the field of heavy metal detection.
作者
刘广洋
刘中笑
张延国
高苹
徐东辉
郑姝宁
LIU Guangyang;LIU Zhongxiao;ZHANG Yanguo;GAO Ping;XU Donghui;ZHENG Shuning(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100051, China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期2357-2365,共9页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家蔬菜产品质量安全风险评估重大专项(GJFP2017002)
国家果蔬植物生长调节剂质量安全风险评估重大专项(GJFP201701401)资助~~
关键词
功能化纳米材料
重金属识别
重金属快速检测
研究进展
functional nanomaterials, heavy metal recognition, heavy metal rapid detection, research progress.
