摘要
利用坡面水蚀精细模拟降雨试验,对黄丘区陡坡(20°)条件下细沟流速分布特征进行了研究。通过对细沟形态演变过程的观察与分析,同时结合试验中对细沟间及细沟内流速的观测,给出了细沟发育过程中坡面流速沿程分布以及细沟内关键位置的流速分布。结果表明,细沟间流速分布基本不受细沟发育程度的影响,而细沟内水流流速与细沟发育过程之间存在互馈关系,首先坡面漫流向集中股流的转化促使细沟发育,会导致细沟内流速的增加,但随着细沟的进一步发展,汇流面积减小,沟床形态阻力及沟底跌坎消能作用增大,细沟流速又会逐渐减小,沟床形态阻力与径流集中产生的流速增量二者间的相互对比关系影响着细沟内水流速度。
The flow velocity distribution under the condition of steep slope （20°） is studied by using the method of indoor fine simulated rainfall experiment. Through the observation and analysis of the rill morphology ewAution and the overland flow velocity during the experiment, the variation rule of the flow velocity during the rill fiwmation and development was studied. The results show that the overland flow velocity between the rills is not affeeted by the degree of rill development, but there is a relalionship between the flow velocity within the rill and the rill development. First, the emergence of the rill will lead to an increase of runoff in the rill, but with the rill deveh）pment, the confluence area decreases, the rill hed mor- phological resistance increases, resulting in the gradual decrease of the rill flow velocity. The reciprocal con- trast between the rill bed morphological resistanee and the flow velocity inerement caused by runoff cnneen- tration affects the flow velocity in the rill.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期1334-1340,共7页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51409110)
河南省创新型科技人才队伍建设工程(162101510004)
关键词
黄土坡面
细沟侵蚀
形态演变
坡面流速
loess slope
rill erosion
morphology evolution
overland flow velocity
