摘要
学习仪表盘作为以可视化为核心的学习分析工具,如何对其进行有效的信息设计至关重要。本研究聚焦学习仪表盘的使用场景,从更"上位"的研究视角,探索不同线索与数据可视化形式在学习仪表盘设计中的有效性。研究开发了系列高保真原型模拟交互环境,将36名被试随机分为三组进行眼动实验,完成信息留存度测试问卷、使用意向测试问卷以及认知负荷测试问卷。研究从三方面归纳了学习仪表盘信息设计的特点:一是通过自动捕获注意力产生控制性视觉导向,增加所在区域的注视时间和次数,从而提升学习者的信息留存度。线索的叠加会强化对注视时间、注视次数以及记忆的影响。二是数据可视化形式可以减少注视时间和注视次数、降低认知负荷并提升使用意向。不同数据可视化的叠加同样会产生强化效应。三是雷达图和散点图在呈现学习者多维度数值方面具备优势;相比折线图与直方图的组合,同类型的折线图组合更适合数据趋势的可视化呈现;簇状条形图比堆积条形图更适合作为个体数据比较的可视化形式。
The'growing focus on measuring learning'has become an important trend in the field of educational technology. As a learning tool taking visualization as the core,it is vital to have effective information architecture in the learning analytics dashboard interface. Learning Analytics Dashboard( LAD) application captures traces of learning activities to form large amount of data which can be analyzed to find its meaning and visualize the results in order to promote awareness,reflection,and sense-making. Effective information architecture design converts the abstract and complex to the concrete and simple by amplifying human cognition. However,only a few case researches considered these principles. Further,no case attempted to investigate the relationship between the visualization information and users' reactions. This paper focuses on the application of LAD,and explores the validity of different cueing and data visualization forms in LAD architecture from the perspective of 'higher'research. A total of 36 subjects were randomly divided into three groups: the eye movement test was performed. The usefulness of this technique lies in the hypothesis that there is a link between visual scanning behavior and cognitive activity in a given subject. For example,a gaze of longer duration( fixations) on an image area generally indicates an increased difficulty in interpreting its content. Also,Eye tracking can realize the authentic learning process. We develop a series of high-fidelity prototypes to simulate the real interactive environment,complete the information retention test( RT) questionnaire,usage intention( UI) test questionnaire and cognitive load( CL) test questionnaire,and expand the meta-analysis. The research summarizes the rules of the information architecture of LAD from three aspects: Firstly,the cueing lead to the control visual guidance by automatically capturing the attention,which increase the fixation duration and the fixation count in the area,so as to enhance the learners' information retention. The clip
出处
《开放教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期94-103,共10页
Open Education Research
基金
2014年全国教育科学"十二五"规划教育部重点课题"基于教育大数据的学习分析工具设计与应用研究"(DCA140230)
关键词
学习仪表盘
信息设计
线索
可视化
眼动分析
learning analytics dashboard
information architecture
cueing
visualization
eye movement analysis
