摘要
作为民主最早的病理学家,托克维尔预言了民主社会中长期潜在的公民之病:尤其表现在公民的衰弱和个人主义的盛行。这些反映在当今美国政治现实中的病症吸引学者们围绕制度和德性层面提出种种对治方案。本文将从比较政治角度综合地阐释托克维尔所揭示的民主公民之病的各面向,即:民主暴政的潜在威胁、对身份等级固化与荣誉身份的失察和狭隘的个人主义,并依据当代政治哲学家莎伦·克劳斯结合当代自由主义特性,塑造特定结构的荣誉观念激发公民能动性的解决方案,拟介绍一种值得重视的治理之道。
150 yearsago,Tocqueville has forebode the illness of democratic citizenship which would besiege modern democracy thereafter as the ＂degenerated morale＂ of citizenship and unchecked individualism witnessed in America today. During the last century, There has been various political and social theories in search of remedies but largely focused on the macro--level of citizenship as institutional agency, no matter it resorted to civil right enhancement or a rejuvenating of participatory democracy. This essay will again follow Tocqueville＇s lead,juxtaposingthe complexities of ＂illness＂ of democratic citizenship in three histori- cal aspects：its underlying threats of tyranny of democracy;ignoranceof crystallization of class structure and mechanisms of honor status as well as the overwhelmingindividualism. These important syndromes are di- agnosed by modern political scholars yet not fully dealt with in an interrelating sense of the subject. Based on a more subtle diagnose of modern syndromes as ＂degeneration of agency＂, political theorist Sharon Krause provided an elaboration of the concept of ＂Honor＂ as a motive,which would motivate the citizen as individual agency,complementing the historicalanalysis mentioned in the triple syndromes of American citizens. It may serve as an important remedy on the agency level for democratic citizenship today.
出处
《甘肃理论学刊》
2017年第6期36-42,共7页
Gansu Theory Research
关键词
民主
公民
个人主义
作为动机结构的荣誉
能动性
democracy
citizenship
individualism
the concept of ＂Honor＂ as a motive
agency.
