摘要
目的了解胸腔积液中病原菌分布和耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法回顾性分析2014年1月-2016年10月本院实验室从胸腔积液中分离到的198株病原菌的分布及耐药情况。结果 198株病原菌中革兰阳性菌占45.96%(91/198),革兰阴性菌占38.89%(77/198),真菌占15.15%(30/198)。革兰阳性球菌中以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主,其次是金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌属;革兰阳性菌对苯唑西林、青霉素、氨苄西林等药物均有较高的耐药率。革兰阴性杆菌以大肠埃希菌为主,其次是铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌;革兰阴性菌对多种抗菌药物的耐药率超过50%。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢西丁和克林霉素的耐药率高于凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应重视胸腔积液标本病原学检查和药敏结果分析,合理使用抗菌药物,降低细菌的耐药率。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance in pleural effusion,so as to provide basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods A total of 198 pathogenic bacteria isolated from pleural effusion from January 2014 to October 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 45. 96%（ 91/198）,Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 38. 89%（ 77/198） and Fungi accounted for 15. 15%（ 30/198）. Gram-positive bacteria were mainly coagulase negative Staphylococci,followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus; Gram-positive bacteria were high resistant to oxacillin,penicillin,ampicillin and other drugs; Gram negative bacteria were mainly Escherichia coli,followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter Bauman; drug resistance rate of Gram-negative bacteria to a variety of antimicrobial was more than 50%. The resistant rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin,ampicillin,cefoxitin and clindamycin were higher than those of coagulase negative Staphylococci,and the differences were statistically significant（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Due attention should be paid to etiologic test and drug sensitivity analysis of pleural effusion specimens,and antimicrobial drugs should be used rationally to reduce the rate of bacterial resistance.
出处
《中国卫生检验杂志》
CAS
2017年第22期3321-3323,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology
关键词
胸腔积液
病原菌
抗菌药物
耐药性
Pleural effusion
Pathogen
Antimicrobial agents
Drug resistance
