摘要
[目的]确定黑腹果蝇和斑翅果蝇取食后樱桃微生物的动态变化。[方法]利用2种果蝇分别取食樱桃、共同取食樱桃和自然腐烂4种处理方式,经过2、4、6、8、10、12 d后,采用16S r DNA和ITS基因分析的方法分离鉴定樱桃中的微生物。[结果]所有处理共分离鉴定出16种细菌和12种真菌。随着时间的延长,不同处理樱桃中微生物的动态发生了变化。自然腐烂8~12 d的樱桃中微生物种类增多,优势细菌种群为荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)和葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus sp.);黑腹果蝇取食第6天,微生物种类最多,优势细菌种群为厚壁菌门;而斑翅果蝇以及2种果蝇同时取食樱桃2 d后微生物种类就开始增加,可见斑翅果蝇的取食改变了微生物的多样性,从而加快了樱桃腐烂的速度,随后黑腹果蝇形成二次为害;另外,在2种果蝇取食后的樱桃中,白地霉(Geotrichum candidum)是樱桃中较稳定的优势真菌种群,但在自然腐烂的樱桃中并未发现。[结论]该研究可为探索微生物、樱桃、果蝇三者之间的协同进化关系提供理论依据。
[Objective] The aim was to understand the dynamics of microbial diversity in natural cherry and the cherry treated by Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster. [Method] The dynamics of microbial diversity in natural cherry and the cherry treated by Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster,separately,and together,microorganisms in cherry treated by D. suzukii and D. melanogaster,for 2,4,6,8,10,12 days were separated,purified,and identified through ITS and 16 S r DNA genetic analysis. [Result] The Results showed that,16 bacterial species and 12 fungi species were identified from all the materials. The dynamic of microbial diversity was changed with the increasing of time. The microorganism species was abundant from 8 to 12 day under the natural condition. The dominant populations of bacteria were Pseudomonas fluorescens and Staphylococcus sp.. After fed by D. melanogaster for 6 days,the largest number of microorganism species occurred at the 6 th day and the bacteria of Firmicutes were dominant populations. While fed by D. suzukii or by two species of Drosophila together,the microorganism species increased from 2 to 6 day. It was concluded that,the decay of cherry was accelerated due to that the microbial diversity in cherry was changed by D. suzukii. D. melanogaster formed continuing harm through the mechanical injury from D. suzukii. in which the dominant populations of bacteria were the bacteria of Proteobacteria. Moreover,Geotrichum candidum was the steady and dominant fungus in cherry treated by Drosophila species but absent in the natural cherry. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical foundation for investigating coevolution among cherry,Drosophila sp. and microorganisms.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2017年第34期155-159,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2016B11
CXGC2016A09)
山东省自主创新及成果转化专项(2014ZZCX02703)
山东省农业科学院重大科技成果培育计划"果树食心虫灾变机制与减量化防控技术研究与应用"
国家农产品质量安全风险评估重大专项(GJFP201601302)
关键词
斑翅果蝇
黑腹果蝇
樱桃
微生物多样性
动态
Drosophila suzukii
Drosophila melanogaster
Cherry
Microbial diversity
Dynamics
