摘要
肿瘤细胞可以通过一种异常的糖代谢行为来逃避正常的细胞凋亡程序，增强增殖和迁徙能力，这种异常的糖代谢行为叫作Warburg效应，是肿瘤得以发病的关键因素。Warburg效应是肿瘤细胞在有氧的情况下通过一系列分子机制来削弱有氧呼吸，进行高效糖酵解反应，进而获得大量三磷酸腺苷（ATP），以及制造适合肿瘤细胞生存的微环境，为肿瘤细胞制造了增殖优势。并且，Warburg效应通过局部低氧抑制T淋巴细胞的监控和杀伤力，制造肿瘤免疫逃逸。通过抑制Warburg效应相关通路，一些抗肿瘤药物如2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖、二氯乙酸等，可以更有效地抑制Warburg效应带来的肿瘤细胞增殖优势和免疫逃逸，进而抑制肿瘤细胞生长和促进肿瘤细胞死亡。另外，健康的饮食习惯也对抑制Warburg效应起着关键作用。但是目前针对Warburg效应还有很多待解决的问题，随着对Warburg效应的进一步研究，各种抗肿瘤药物的效果将被重新评估，为肿瘤防治提供新的理论基础和研究方向。
Tumor cells can escape from the normal apoptosis process and enhance the ability of proli- feration and migration via an abnormal glucose metabolism. This abnormal glucose metabolism is named the Warburg effect, which plays a key role in the incidence of tumor. The Warburg effect is that, under aerobic condition, attenuating aerobic respiration of tumor cells via a series of molecular mechanisms, and exhibiting higher glycolysis metabolism and adenosine triphosphate （ATP） production, and meanwhile, creating the mi- cro-environment that suitable for tumor cell suryival, inducing proliferation advantages for tumor cells. In addi- tion, the Warburg effect-induced regional hypoxia reduces monitoring effect and lethality of T-lymphocytes, and thus induces immune escape of tumor cells. By inhibiting related pathways of Warburg effect, some drugs such as 2-deoxy-D-glucose and dichloroacetie acid have effective ability to inhibit Warburg effect-caused proliferation advantages and immune escape of tumor ceils, and thus inhibit tumor cells growth and promote tumor cells death. Moreover, health diet also effectively inhibits the Warburg effect. However, there are also some pro- blems to be solved. As the development of researches on the Warburg effect, the effect of various antitumor drugs will be revalued, and these will provide new theoretical basis and research direction for tumor prevention and therapy.
出处
《国际肿瘤学杂志》
CAS
2017年第10期762-766,共5页
Journal of International Oncology
基金
国家自然科学基金（81372612、81302059）
黑龙江省留学归国科学基金（LC2013C35）
哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院杰出青年基金（SYJQ201401）
