摘要
目的了解大学新入学新生应对传染病、突发中毒及自然灾害等突发事件应急知识和技能水平,为开展针对性应急教育提供依据。方法采用问卷调查了解大学生在传染病、突发中毒、自然灾害及应急准备等技能的知晓率和得分,采用χ~2检验、非条件logistic回归等进行统计分析。结果预防呼吸道和消化道传染病的防控措施知晓率分别为88.96%和87.39%;突发中毒应急技能知晓率依次为:食物中毒72.19%,毒气泄漏70.52%,农药中毒63.44%,放射性事故37.71%。地震、火灾、溺水等自然灾害的知晓率分别为45.52%、29.69%和26.04%。93%以上的被调查者认为需要提前进行应急准备,在实际生活中和家人经常讨论应对灾害事件的比例为26.46%,与家人进行过逃生演练的比例为24.90%。非条件logistic回归分析显示,关心该地区传染病发生情况是应急知识得分的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论大学新生传染病应急知识的知晓率较高,突发中毒及自然灾害等逃生技能存在认知误区,应开展有针对性的健康教育和逃生演练培训,全面提升大学生应急知识和技能水平。
[Objective] To investigate the status of knowledge and response skills about public health emergency（infectious diseases,acute poisoning and natural disasters） among freshmen,provide evidence for carrying out the targeted emergency education.[Methods]The questionnaires survey was used to investigate the awareness rate and scores on infectious diseases,acute poisoning and natural disasters and emergency response skills. χ~2 test and unconditional logistic regression were applied for statistical analysis. [Results] The awareness rate of prevention and control measures for respiratory tract and digestive tract infectious diseases was 88.96% and 87.39% respectively. The awareness rates of skills for poisoning emergencies in descending order were as follows： 72.19%f for food poisoning,70.52% for poison gas leak,63.44% for radioactive accident,and 37.71% for pesticide poisoning. The awareness rate of earthquake,fire and drowning was 45.52%,29.69% and 26.04%,respectively. More than93% of respondents believed that advance preparation for emergency is necessary,only 26.46% usually discussed how to cope with emergency events with family members,and 24.90% have had escaping practices with family members. The unconditional logistic regression showed that the main factor that affects the score was whether they care about the incidence of infectious diseases in the region（P0.05）.[Conclusion]The awareness rate of infectious disease emergency knowledge among freshmen is higher,and there are misunderstandings in escape skills of sudden poisoning and natural disasters. It is necessary to carry out targeted health education and evacuation drills to improve the level of emergency knowledge and skills in university students.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第22期3119-3122,共4页
Occupation and Health
