摘要
以黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区黄绵土和风沙土上发育30年的典型藓结皮为对象,分6层采集0~12 cm土层土样,研究了藓结皮对不同土层4种水解酶活性的影响及其与土壤养分的关系.结果表明:与无结皮相比,黄绵土藓结皮的脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和蛋白酶活性分别提升了2.4、7.6、20.7、2.4倍,而风沙土藓结皮的这4种水解酶活性分别提升了3.5、22.2、22.3、2.0倍;黄绵土和风沙土藓结皮的体积含水量分别降低了6.5%和0.8%,温度分别降低了0.8和2.5℃;黄绵土藓结皮的有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量分别提升了2.5、2.9和3.6倍,风沙土分别提升了3.6、3.0和6.6倍.4种水解酶的活性与土壤养分含量呈显著正相关,与土壤含水量呈显著负相关;而土壤温度与脲酶活性呈显著正相关,与蛋白酶活性呈显著负相关.黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区2种土壤藓结皮均能显著提升水解酶活性,这是藓结皮加速土壤养分周转的重要因素;通过改变土壤含水量和温度等酶促反应条件间接影响酶活性,是藓结皮促进土壤酶活性的重要途径.
The 30-year-old biological soil crusts dominated by mosses（ hereafter moss crusts） and corresponding uncrusted soil（ hereafter no crust） were sampled on loess soil and aeolian soil at 0-12 cm depth on the Loess Plateau of China. Afterwards,the hydrolase activities of the samples were measured,and their correlations with soil physicochemical properties were analyzed. Compared with no crust,the activities of urease,alkaline phosphatase,invertase,and protease of the moss crusts were 2.4,7.6,20.7,2.4 times higher on loess soil,respectively; while they were 3.5,22.2,22.3,2.0 times higher on aeolian soil,respectively. Compared with no crust,the soil water content of the moss crusts was decreased by 6.5% and 0.8% on loess soil and aeolian soil,and the soil temperature of the moss crusts was decreased by 0.8 and 2.5 ℃,respectively; the contents of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and available phosphorus of the moss crusts were 2.5,2.9 and3.6 times higher on the loess soil,and they were 3.6,3.0 and 6.6 times higher on the aeolian soil,respectively. The soil hydrolase activities were positively correlated with the soil nutrient content and negatively correlated with the soil water content. Soil temperature was positively correlated with the urease activity and negatively correlated with the protease activity. The moss crusts significantly improved soil nutrients and fertility through increasing soil enzyme activities on the Loess Plateau of China,and these effects were reasonably attributed to the moderate soil water content and temperature regulated by the moss crusts.
作者
王彦峰
肖波
王兵
马爽
姚小萌
WANG Yan-feng;XIAO Bo;WANG Bing;MA Shuang;YAO Xiao-meng(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China）.)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第11期3553-3561,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41671221)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2017QC048
2017QC126)资助~~
关键词
生物结皮
藓结皮
土壤酶活性
土壤养分
黄土高原
biological soil crust
moss crust
soil enzyme activity
soil nutrient
Loess Plateau.
