摘要
机体急进高原时,随着海拔增高氧分压不断降低,出现低氧反应,导致机体各个器官出现严重的损伤和一系列病理生理改变。肠道是连接人体与外部环境之间最大的通道,也是最大的免疫器官,可以阻挡外界有害物质对人体的侵袭。在急进高原缺氧环境下肠道损伤尤为明显,可引起肠黏膜屏障功能不同程度的损伤,导致机体出现明显的胃肠道不适症状,如腹泻、恶心、呕吐、厌食等,严重者可引起全身炎症反应综合征,甚至多器官功能衰竭及死亡。急进高原缺氧环境下肠黏膜屏障损伤的具体机制仍未明确,越来越多的证据表明肠黏膜屏障损伤与固有免疫的重要组成部分Toll样受体及缺氧诱导因子相关,同时Toll样受体4与缺氧诱导因子-lα被认为是炎症和缺氧最主要的信号因子,两者在肠黏膜屏障功能损伤研究中的作用尤为重要,本文将急进高原缺氧环境下Toll样受体4与缺氧诱导因子-lα对肠黏膜屏障的影响作一简要概述。
On acute exposure to high altitude,the partial pressure of oxygen of the body decreases with the increasing occurrence of hypoxic reaction,resulting in various severe organ damages and a series of pathophysiological changes.Gut is the biggest channel connecting human body and the external environment,and the biggest immune organ as well,which can block harmful substances outside.When exposed rapidly to high altitude hypoxia environment,intestinal tract damage becomes particularly evident,which can cause different degrees of damages to intestinal mucosal barrier function,resulting in obvious symptoms such as diarrhea,nausea,vomiting,anorexia,severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome（SIRS）,multiple organ failure and even death.The specific mechanism of intestinal mucosal barrier injury in acute hypoxia remains unknown,but more and more evidences have suggested that Toll-like receptors,an important part of innate immunity,are associated with hypoxia-inducible factors.TLR4 and HIF-1αare considered to be important signal factors of inflammation and hypoxia,and their roles in intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction are particularly important.In this paper,the effects of TLR4 and HIF-1αon the intestinal mucosal barrier in acute hypoxia were summarized.
出处
《中国微生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2017年第10期1212-1218,共7页
Chinese Journal of Microecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(81570481)
