摘要
本文利用2012-2016年内蒙古乌兰察布市沙尘监测站点的监测数据,并结合国家环境保护部发布的AQI数据,分析了近五年乌兰察布市沙尘天气发生的时空分布规律,探讨了沙尘天气的发生对乌兰察布市环境空气质量的影响。结果表明,近五年来乌兰察布市沙尘天气的发生频率呈下降趋势,2016年年均PM10浓度低于国家《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095-2012)二级标准年均浓度限值;春冬季节是乌兰察布市沙尘天气发生的高发时段,五年平均发生频率分别为34.02%和32.78%,其环境空气质量不达标天数约占全年不达标天数的68.60%;在全年环境空气质量为良的天数中,主要污染物为PM10的天数占到了近1/3;沙尘天气对大气环境质量的五年平均贡献率为8.69%,除2012年外,春季中均以3月份沙尘天气对PM10的贡献率最大,五年平均值为36.02%,从2012年到2016年,沙尘天气对PM10的年均贡献率由28.71%下降到了11.22%,说明近年来乌兰察布市在应对沙尘天气对环境空气质量恶化影响的成效显著。
The occurrence of dust event presents a very bad infuence on the air environment quality. In this study, the monitoring data of dust events during 2012-2016 from Ulanqab site was used, along with the AQI published by Ministry of Environmental protection of China, to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of dust events in Jining district and discuss the effect of its occurrence on the air environment quality. The results showed that a downward trend was found in the frequency of dust events in the past fve years in Ulanqab and the annual average concentration of PM10 in 2016 was lower than the secondary level of national ambient air quality standard （GB3095-2012）. Dust events mainly appear in spring and winter, of which the average frequency in the past fve years is 34.02% and 32.78%, respectively, leading to the substandard air quality of up to 68.60%. Even though the air quality is moderate, the days of PM10 as the principal pollutant still reach 35%. The contribute rate of dust events on air quality showed a slight increase in spring and the multi-year average of is around 8.69%. Since 2012 the contribute rate of dust events on the concentration of PM10 declined from 28.71% to 11.22% and the biggest is appeared in March with a value of 36.02%, showing that the solutions of eliminating the negative infuence of dust events on air quality are successful in Ulanqab on the basis of the ecological civilization construction.
出处
《环境与发展》
2017年第9期173-177,共5页
Environment & Development
基金
内蒙古自然科学基金(2016BS0202)
