摘要
通过水培实验,模拟了湿地中6种植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)、水葱(Scirpus validus)、香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、香蒲(Typha orientalis)、美人蕉(Canna indica)和黄花鸢尾(Iris pseudacorus)对盐分胁迫的生理生态响应,评估了6种植物的脱盐潜力;在此基础上,测定相对耐盐能力较强的芦苇、香根草、香蒲和美人蕉体内不同器官的钠和钾含量,初步探讨了这4种植物的耐盐机理。实验结果表明,在盐分胁迫下,水葱和黄花鸢尾有死亡现象,芦苇、香根草和美人蕉都有新芽长出,部分美人蕉植株根部颜色变深,香蒲未长出新植株,但无死亡和枯萎等现象;香蒲的株高增长率最大,黄花鸢尾的株高增长率最小;培养香蒲和美人蕉的溶液的电导率减幅最大,芦苇、香根草、香蒲和美人蕉的耐盐能力和脱盐潜力相对较强;芦苇、香根草、香蒲和美人蕉不同器官对钠和钾的吸收积累能力差异较大,但是整棵植株的K/Na值在盐分胁迫时都减小,更深层次的耐盐机理还有待进一步研究。
The physiological response of six plant species（Phragmites australis, Scirpus validus, Vetiveria zizanioides, Typha orientalis, Canna indica, Iris wilsonii） to salt stress was studied by a hydroponic experiment, and their potential for desalination was also evaluated. Four plant species（Phragmites australis, Vetiveria zizanioides, Typha orientalis, and Canna indica） were selected as relative salt-tolerant species among the six tested species. The accumulation of potassium and sodium in different parts of these four salt-tolerant species were analyzed, and their salt tolerance mechanisms were discussed preliminarily. The results showed that some of Scirpus validus and Iris wilsonii were dead. While, there were new buds/seedlings of Phragmites australis, Vetiveria zizanioides and Canna indica observed during the cultivation, although dark roots of some Canna indica were observed. There was no new seedling observed in Typha orientalis, however, there was no death, or withered leaf observed, either. The greatest and smallest growth rates of plant height were observed in Typha orientalis and Iris wilsonii, respectively. The reductions of electronic conductivity（EC） in the hydroponic bottles were different among species. After the experiment, Typha orientalis and Canna indica reduced more electronic conductivity values in the culture solution than the other species. Phragmites australis, Vetiveria zizanioides, Typha orientalis, and Canna indica were selected to be the relative salt-tolerant plant species which also have relatively more potential for the desalination among the six tested species. The accumulations of sodium and potassium in different parts of Phragmites australis, Vetiveria zizanioides, Typha orientalis and Canna indica were different, however, the ratio of potassium and sodium generally decreased under salt stress in all these four species. The deeper salt tolerant mechanisms are necessary to be studied in future studies.
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期635-640,共6页
Wetland Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430401)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500404-4)
中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2017274)资助
关键词
植物
盐胁迫
株高
脱盐
耐盐机理
钾钠比
plant
salt stress
plant height
desalination
salt tolerant mechanism
ratio of potassium and sodium
