摘要
在分析我国长大深埋隧洞发展历程及研究现状的基础上,阐述了长大深埋隧洞工程遇到的主要工程地质问题,并结合多年积累的调水工程设计、施工、管理等经验,总结已完工及在建的高埋深长隧洞遇到的实际情况,针对突涌水、突泥和涌砂、岩爆、围岩大变形、高地温、高地应力、高外水等多种极为复杂的工程地质问题进行了分析和探讨。结果表明:在长大深埋隧洞设计前期,结合工程主要地质问题进行TBM设备选型至关重要;设计及施工过程中采用数值模拟、试验研究、超前地质预报、现场监测等手段,对高外水、软岩大变形、岩爆、高地温等不良地质洞段进行分析研究并动态调整设计;不良地质条件掘进易采用三低(低推力、低转速、低贯入度)、一快(快速掘进)、一连续(掘进)、宁慢勿停的掘进原则,可以避免国内外类似工程灾难性的后果发生。
Based on the analysis of the developing history and the study status of long deeply buried tunnel in China, the main engineering geological problems encountered in the project of long deeply buried tunnel is expatiated herein, and then the actual problems encountered during the constructions of the completed and under-construction projects of the long deeply buried tunnels are summarized in combination with the experiences from the design, construction and management of water transfer projects ac- cumulated in many years, in which the extremely complicated engineering geological problems, i.e. sudden water inrush, mud inrush and sand gush, rock burst; large deformation of surrounding rock, high ground temperature, high ground stress, high external water pressure, etc. are analyzed and discussed. The result shows that it is quite important to select the type of TBM equipment in accordance with the main geological problems encountered in the project during the fore-phase of the design of long deeply buried tunnel, while the means of numerical simulation, experimental study, advanced geological forecast, in situ monitoring, etc. must be adopted for the analysis and the study made on those tunnel sections under poor geological condi- tions of high external water pressure, large deformation of soft rock, rock burst and high ground temperature as well as dynam- ic adjustment of the design during the design and construction, moreover, it is better to adopt the tunneling principle of lower thrust, lower rotational speed, lower penetration, quick tunneling and continuous tunneling, that is to say, slow is better than stop for the tunneling of poor geological condition, thus the catastrophic results occurred in the similar projects at home and abroad can be avoided.
出处
《水利水电技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1-9,共9页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目"长距离调水工程建设与安全运行集成研究及应用"(YS2016YFSF020162)
关键词
长大深埋隧洞
复杂地质条件
高地下水
围岩大变形
岩爆综合预测方法
开敞式TBM
Keywolong and deeply buried tunnel
complicated geological condition
high ground water level
large deformation of sur-rounding rock
comprehensive prediction method of rock burst
open TBM
