摘要
环状RNA(circRNA)是一类内源性非编码RNA(Non-coding RNA;ncRNA),与传统线性RNA不同,它是由反向剪接形成的、没有5'端帽子和3'端多聚腺苷酸尾巴的环状闭合结构。起初人们认为circRNA是错误剪接或者低丰度mRNA转录过程中的副产物,但随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学的发展,越来越多的circRNA已被发现和鉴定。circRNA在哺乳动物细胞中具有内生、丰富、保守、稳定、组织特异性、时空特异性等特点,且亚细胞定位存在差异。大量研究发现它可以通过多种机制参与动物生长发育调控,疾病等的发生和发展。综述了circRNA的发现与形成、特征、作用机制、研究方法及与疾病相关的研究进展,以期为circRNA的进一步研究提供参考。
Circular RNA（ circRNA） is a novel type of endogenous noncoding RNA. Unlike linear RNAs that are terminated with 5＇caps and 3＇tails,circRNAs form covalently closed loop structures with neither 5＇ - 3＇polarities nor polyadenylated tails,by reverse splicing. circRNAs were typically considered to be by-products of aberrant RNA splicing due to their low levels of expression. However,with the development of RNA deep sequencing technology and bioinformatics, more circRNAs have been identified. circRNA is endogenous,abundant,conserved and stable in mammalian cells,and often show specific expression or developmental model in tissue,and there are differences in subcellular localization. Many studies have shown that circRNAs play an important role in the regulation of animal growth and development,which is also closely associated with the occurrence and development of diseases. Here,the discovery,formation,characteristics,mechanism,research methods and current research progress of circRNA were reviewed,it may contribute to further studies.
出处
《中国生物工程杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期93-102,共10页
China Biotechnology
基金
四川省科技支撑计划项目(16ZC2838
2017NFP0135
2016NZ0089)
四川省教育厅科研项目(16ZB0038)资助项目
