摘要
中国历史上的职官系统及其官号出现甚早。西周时期,职官系统已经基本完备,《周礼》对之有详细的载录。周朝下设天、地、春、夏、秋、冬六官,其属官职守,程度不同地涉及土地、植物、动物、水体、矿产等自然、生态资源的管理与利用,职官数量颇具规模,且呈制度化、法律化的特征,在实践中起到了保护生态资源、环境的积极作用。但考虑到生产力、社会发展水平等时代因素,对《周礼》生态职官制度的适用性、生态保护职能及其成效等问题的评价,需谨慎对待。
The appearance of the government official system and its official titles in Chinese history can be tracedback to ancient times. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, the system was already fully functional which was detailed inZhou Li. In the Zhou Dynasty, there were six kinds of officials affiliated to the management of the Emperor, called‘Tian'(the Sky),‘Di'(the Ground),‘Chun'(Spring),‘Xia'(Summer),‘Qiu'(Autumn) and‘Dong'(Winter). Theduties of these subordinate officers involved the management and utilization of natural and ecological resources such asland, plant, animal, water, mineral and so on. This system with characteristic of institutionalization and legalization ofsocialist democracy was quite huge in both number and scale which played a positive role in the protection ofecological resources and environment. However, consideration of the facts such as the productivity and the level ofsocial development at that time, the evaluation includes applicability of the system of ecological officials, the function ofecological protection and its affection and so on still need to be treated with caution.
出处
《中原文化研究》
2017年第6期111-121,共11页
The Central Plains Culture Research
关键词
职官制度
生态资源与环境
《周礼》
the government official system
the ecological resource and environment
Zhou Li
