摘要
基于2011-2015年国家卫生计生委流动人口动态监测数据,分析北京流动人口结构性特征变化情况。主要发现:在京流动人口文化素质总体较低,家庭化流动趋势明显;就业结构与产业结构"相匹配",但就业质量不高,收入与消费处于中低组别和低组别;六成以上选择租住私房,在缺失劳动合同保障前提下,社会保险参保率仅为三成左右;农业户口占六成多且河北、河南、山东是主要流出地省份;中间阶层"空心化"特征明显。在京流动人口存在结构性问题的根源是北京产业结构质量不高,因此提出以产业结构调整为主轴、以优化城市空间布局为主线、以统筹区域协调发展为导向、以"四个中心"建设为聚焦的治理"大城市病"的对策建议。
Based on the dynamic monitoring data of the National Health and Family Planning Commission from 2011 to 2015,the paper analyzed the changes in structural characteristics of the floating population in Beijing. It finds that the overall quality of the floating population in Beijing is relatively low and the trend of family mobility is obvious. The employment structure matches the industrial structure,but the quality of employment is not high. Both income and consumption are in the lower-middle and low groups. More than 60% choose private housing rental,and due to the lack of labor contract guarantee,the social insurance coverage rate is only about 30%. Agricultural household registration accounts for more than 60%,and Hebei,Henan as well as Shandong are the main population outflow provinces. The hollowing out of middle class is obvious. The basic reason for the structural problems of floating population in Beijing is that the industrial structure in Beijing is not reasonable. Therefore,the paper puts forward following suggestions： take the industrial structure adjustment as the main axis,take the optimization of urban spatial layout as the main line,take the regional coordinated development as the guide and take the construction of ‘four centers’ as the focus.
出处
《北京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第11期4-16,共13页
Social Sciences of Beijing
关键词
流动人口
结构性特征
产业结构
大城市病
floating population
structural characteristic
industrial structure
big city diseases
