摘要
在规制零部件销售与组合物专利权利用尽的问题上,美、德两国所持的立场和原则是相同的,即防止专利权人就相同的专利发明重复获得许可费。因此,美、德两国都承认零部件销售可以导致组合物专利的权利用尽,但需要满足一定的前提:该零部件必须体现了组合物专利的"实质特征"且不具有任何"非侵权用途"。"实质特征"是指系争权利要求与现有技术相比时具有可专利意义的显著技术特征;零部件具有"非侵权用途"是指其可以被"合理地"以非侵权方式加以使用。在零部件没体现组合物实质特征时,美国从默示许可理论出发,根据个案和销售不具有"非侵权用途"零部件的事实,推论出使用组合物专利的默示许可,德国判例虽未明确阐释但也与之暗合。上述裁判思路值得我国法院借鉴。
US and Germany share the same position and principle regarding the relationship between the component sales and the exhaustion of combination patent, i.e. to prevent the patentee from obtaining double royalties. Case laws show that both countries recognize the sale of component can lead to the exhaustion of combination patent, but certain prerequisites must be met, i.e. the component must reflect the ＂essential features＂ of the patented combination and does not have any ＂non-infringing use＂. ＂Essential features＂ refer to patentable technical features that are distinguishing over prior art, and ＂non-infringement use＂ means components can be ＂reasonably＂ used in a non-infringing manner. When the component does not reflect the ＂essential features＂ of the patented combination, US use implied license theory to infer the licensing use of the combination patent; German court shares the similar view. These experiences are beneficial to Chinese peers.
出处
《知识产权》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第10期97-108,共12页
Intellectual Property
基金
国家社科一般项目(15BFX170)"网络环境下专利权的扩张及应对研究"
教育部人文社科项目(14YJC820077)
上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题(2014BFX002)"中美信息技术产业专利危机及专利制度优化比较研究"的资助
关键词
零部件
组合物专利
专利权用尽
默示许可
component
combination patent
patent exhaustion
implied license
