摘要
汉语学术期刊要走向世界,要么通过英语这个世界通用语,要么依靠汉语本身。任何一种语言都有表示其语法关系和语法意义的语法形式。印欧语系的语言基本都采用显性语法标志,即通过屈折形变,在单词上黏附语素表示各种语法范畴和语法意义。但汉语是一种表意文字,难以采用屈折形变方式去表示语法意义。汉语更多的是依赖听话人通过积极的思维和上下文语境去理解、推测词与词、句与句之间的语法关系。汉语显性语法形式的缺失或不完善往往会消耗听话者解读时更多的认知努力。中国人因其文化和汉语语境可以弥补汉语显性标记的不足,但对母语为非汉语的读者却是很大的挑战。在提倡汉语学术和文化走出去且国际读者群日益壮大的今天,我们有必要开始研究汉语书面语篇的显性标志,完善汉语的书面语法,让汉语期刊走向世界。
With China＇s international status and influence being on the rise, Chinese language -- a symbol of the peaceful national rise -- has shouldered more responsibility of realizing the nation＇s ＂going global＂ strategy in recent years. However, Chinese journals face great challenges in disseminating Chinese ＂culture and studies worldwide. Unlike English and many other Indo-European languages, Chinese language is the barrier to the comprehension of most non-Chinese native readers （NCNRs） even with a little knowledge of Chinese partly because of its grammar. Grammar is a set of rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words through its grammatical relations in any given natural language. Every language has its own means to express grammatical relations in language use, overtly and covertly. Overt ones are explicit grammatical markers. For example, English and other Indo-European languages use inflection such as prefix, suffix or vowel change to express different grammatical meanings such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, and mood. Chinese language, however, lacks inflection and therefore its grammatical categories are not expressed by overt grammatical means. Developed from pictograph, every Chinese character has already carried semantic meaning. It is difficult to select a certain character to express a prefix or suffix without the interruption of its character meaning. Furthermore, a single character can function both as a content word and a function word. For example, in the Chinese sentence ＂wo sho yigexing kaifang de ren,＂ the character ＂xing＂ can be both a content word meaning ＂sex＂ and a suffix meaning ＂property. ＂ When ＂xing＂ is stressed, it refers to the former （I am a person of sexual openness）; when it is unstressed, it refers to the latter （I am an open-minded person）. The ambiguity is partly due to the lack of space between gexingkaiifang in writing, though in speaking the use of stress couldclarify the meaning. Without infle
出处
《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期42-50,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
国家语委科研重点项目(ZDIII125-57)
国家社科基金项目(016BYY027F)
关键词
洪堡特
语法形式
显性与隐性
汉语学术期刊
走出去
Wilhelm von Humboldt
grammatical categories
overt and covert
Chinese academic journals
going global
