摘要
目的了解中国八城市成年人体质量认知和体质量控制行为的现状,并探讨体质量认知对体质量控制行为的影响,为今后有针对性地设计干预性研究和健康促进项目提供参考。方法采取多阶段抽样的方法选取中国八城市18岁及以上1 709例成年人为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷进行体质量认知和体质量控制行为的调查,通过身体测量获得身高、体质量数据并计算体质指数。采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法探究体质量认知对体质量控制行为的影响。结果本研究全人群体质量认知正确率为78.67%(1 298/1 650),不同性别、年龄、文化程度及家庭人均月收入成年人的体质量认知情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。近1年内的体质量控制率为42.37%(719/1 697),不同性别、年龄、文化程度及家庭人均月收入成年人的体质量控制情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在自报近1年内曾试图控制体质量的成年人中,选择节食、增加身体活动、吃减肥产品的比例分别为54.10%(389/719)、82.89%(596/719)、5.01%(36/719)。多因素Logisitc回归分析显示,年龄、文化程度、体质量状况和体质量认知是体质量控制行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论居民整体体质量认知正确率和体质量控制率尚可,体质量控制的主要方式为节食和增加身体活动。男性、中老年人、低文化程度、低收入群体是重点干预人群。相比于真实体质量,体质量认知对体质量控制行为的影响更大。在健康教育和健康促进工作中应对体质量认知不正确的对象进行纠正,通过对其体质量认知的改变来促进其体质量管理行为。
Objective To study the body weight perception and weight control behaviors among adults in eight cities in China and examine the associations between them,so as to provide a reference for specifically designed intervention studies and health promotion projects in the future. Methods In the study,1 709 subjects aged 18 years or above selected by multistage sampling from eight cities in China were involved. The self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate body weight perception and weight control behaviors. Body mass index was calculated with height and weight obtained by physical measurements to determine weight status. Associations between body weight perception and weight control behaviors were examined using multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The overall rate of accurate weight perception was 78. 67%（ 1 298/1 650）. Body weight perception varied significantly by sex,age,educational level and household monthly income per person（ P 0. 05）. There were 719 cases who intended to control weight in the recent one year,accounting for 42. 37% of the total. Weight control behaviors among them differed substantially by sex,age,educational level and household monthly income per person（ P 0. 05）, specifically,389 chose to be on a diet,596 increased physical activity, and 36 ate weight loss products,accounting for 54. 10%,82. 89%,and 5. 01%,respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that weight control behaviors were significantly associated with age,educational level,body weight and body weight perception（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion The overall rate of accurate weight perception and weight control among adults in eight cities in China is moderate-to-high. The main ways for controlling weight are diet and increasing physical activity. Males,people aged 45 or over,people with middle school education or below and those with household monthly income below 8 000 yuan should be focused on giving interventions. Compared with true weight, weight perception has a more impor
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第31期3886-3892,共7页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
体质量认知
体质量控制
超重
肥胖
Weight perception
Weight control
Overweight
Obesity
