摘要
目的分析儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染的临床特征、病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床感染预防和控制工作提供依据。方法选取2015年6月-2016年12月的儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染患儿100例,对所有患儿感染部位、感染来源等临床特征进行观察和分析,对脓液标本中的病原菌分布及耐药性进行检测和比较。结果患儿感染部位以咀嚼肌间隙、颊间隙、舌下间隙为主,分别占31.00%、24.00%和14.00%,感染来源以腺源性感染为主,占73.00%;分离出143株病原菌,其中,革兰阳性菌76株占53.15%,革兰阴性菌62株占43.36%,真菌占5株占3.50%,金黄色葡萄球菌、普雷沃菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主要病原菌;金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌对青霉素等的耐药率较高,对亚胺培南等的耐药率较低,普雷沃菌、拟杆菌、梭杆菌对氯霉素等的耐药率较高,对甲硝唑、亚胺培南等的耐药率较低。结论儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染部位、感染来源、病原菌分布及耐药性均具有一定的特征性,临床医务人员应对其给予高度的重视和有效的治疗,选取敏感抗菌药物进行抗感染治疗,以提高救治成功率,改善患儿预后。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in children with oral and maxillofacial space infections,so as to provide objective basis for clinical infection prevention and control work.METHODS A total of 100 cases of children with oral and maxillofacial space infections from Jun.2015 to Dec.2016 were selected.The clinical characteristics of infected sites and sources of infections were observed and analyzed.The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in pus specimens of were detected and compared.RESULTS The main infected sites of children were masticator space,buccal space and sublingual space,accounting for 31.00%,24.00% and 14.00%,respectively.The main source of infections was the gland infections,accounting for 73.00%.Totally 143 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,in which,the gram-positive bacteria were 76 strains,accounting for 53.15%,the gram-negative bacteria were 62 strains,accounting for 43.36%,and the fungi were 5strains,accounting for 3.50%.Staphylococcus aureus,Prevotella sp.,and S.epidermidis were the main pathogenic bacteria.The resistant rates of S.aureus,S.epidermidis and S.pneumoniaeto the drugs such as penicillin were high,and to the drugs such as imipenem were low.The resistant rates of Prevotella sp.,Bacillus sp.,and Clostridiumto the drugs such as chloramphenicol were high,and to the drugs such as metronidazole and imipenem were low.CONCLUSIONThe infected sites,sources of infections as well as the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in children with oral and maxillofacial space infection have some characteristics.The clinical medical staff should pay more attention,apply the effective treatment,and select sensitive antibiotics for anti-infection treatment in order to improve the success rate of treatment and the prognosis of the patients.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第19期4538-4540,4560,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
海南省卫生厅基金资助项目(琼卫2013-LX-56)
关键词
儿童
口腔颌面部间隙感染
临床特征
病原菌分布
耐药性分析
Oral and maxillofacial space infection
Clinical characteristics
Distribution of pathogens
Drug resist-ance analysis
