摘要
为明确湖南烟区烟草病害种类和发生情况,调查了湖南烟区烟草病害种类、分布及发生程度,分析了主要病害发生动态。结果表明,湖南烟区烟草病害有21种,其中侵染性病害20种,非侵染性病害1种,主要病害为普通花叶病(TMV)、黄瓜花叶病(CMV)、马铃薯Y病毒病(PVY)、黑胫病、青枯病和赤星病。TMV发病中等,CMV发病轻,PVY发病率逐年增大,黑胫病发病较轻,青枯病发病中等,赤星病发病率年度变化较大,最高达到45%。湘南烟区TMV、CMV、PVY、黑胫病、青枯病、赤星病分别在3月25日、4月5日、4月15日、4月30日、5月25日、5月15日开始发病,湘中和湘西因生产季节原因,发病时间较湘南烟区分别晚10~20 d和30~50 d,发生动态基本相同。不同烟区病害发生种类、发生时间和发生程度不同,因此,不同烟区应采取不同防治措施,达到精准防治病害的目的。
For revealing the species and occurrence of tobacco diseases in Hunan province,the occurrence species,distribution and degree of tobacco diseases were investigated,and the occurrence dynamics of major diseases were also analyzed. Results indicated that there were 21 kinds of tobacco diseases in Hunan province,including 20 kinds of infectious diseases and 1 non-infectious disease. The main diseases were tobacco mosaic virus disease（ TMV）,cucumber mosaic virus disease（ CMV）,potato virus Y disease（ PVY）,black shank,bacterial wilt and brown spot. The incidence level of TMV was medium,the incidence level of CMV was light,the incidence rate of PVY increased year by year. The incidence level of black shank and bacterial wilt were light and medium,respectively. Brown spot annually changed greatly,and the highest incidence rate was 45%. In the south of Hunan province,the onset of the disease TMV,CMV,PVY,black shank,bacterial wilt,and brown spot was in March 25 th,April 5 th,April 15 th,April 30 th,May 25 th and May 15 th,respectively. Due to seasonal reasons,the onset times of center and west of Hunan were 10—20 days and 30—50 days later than the south of Hunan province,but the annual dynamic was basically the same. The disease types,occurrence time and severity in different tobacco growing areas were different. Therefore,different control measures should be adopted in different tobacco growing areas to prevent diseases.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期92-98,共7页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(14-16ZDAa02)
中国烟草总公司科技重点项目(110201502016)
关键词
湖南
烟草病害
病害种类
发生动态
发病率
Hunan
tobacco diseases
disease species
occurrence dynamics
disease incidence
