摘要
【目的】研究湖南省油茶炭疽病病原,为该病害的防控提供依据。【方法】采集湖南省长沙、株洲、浏阳、永州、怀化、常德、常宁等油茶主产区9个样地的典型油茶炭疽病叶,分离纯化叶片病健交界处的真菌菌株,观察菌株在(PDA)培养基上的菌落、分生孢子及附着孢的形态特征,确定为炭疽属真菌。进一步对炭疽属菌株进行柯赫氏法则验证,确定油茶炭疽病病原菌菌株。对获得病原菌的r DNA-ITS、CAL和GAPDH 3个基因进行PCR扩增和测序,得到的基因序列与GenBank中已有模式炭疽属菌株序列按照3个基因一致的顺序拼接后采用PAUP和MrBayes软件构建系统发育树。【结果】从湖南省9个采样地共分离获得62株炭疽属菌株,致病性测试表明这62株菌均能对油茶嫩叶和果致病,但不同菌株的发病时间具有一定差异;根据形态特征及多基因系统发育分析,最终明确湖南省油茶炭疽病的病原种类。【结论】湖南省油茶炭疽病的病原菌包含果生炭疽菌、暹罗炭疽菌、胶孢炭疽菌、山茶炭疽菌和哈锐炭疽菌5种炭疽属真菌,其中果生炭疽菌分布范围最广,分离率最高,达到64.5%。
【Objective】The filamentous fungi,Colletotrichum spp.,are found in all five continents and are capable of causing severe diseases in the important plants such as Camellia oleifera （oil-tea trees）.The pathogen causes defoliation,as well as necrotic spots on fruits.In recent years,the disease is rapidly spreading in the oil-tea trees producing areas of southern China.The objective of this study is to identify the pathogen causing stem and leaf anthracnose on oil-tea trees in Hunan,and to provide a basis for disease control and resistance breeding.【Method】Infected leaves were collected from Changsha,Zhuzhou,Liuyang,Yongzhou,Huaihua,Changde and Changning City,in Hunan Province and the fungi were isolated and purified from the diseased border of leaves on acidified potato dextrose agar （PDA） plate.Identification of the pathogen was based on morphology of colony and conidial,pathogenicity tests.Isolates were characterized by colony morphology,conidial characteristics under 28 ℃ in dark.The r DNA-ITS,CAL and GAPDH region of isolates were amplified and sequenced.PAUP and Mr Bayes software were used to analyze the data of ITS-CAL-GAPDH sequences.【Result】The result showed that a total of 62 colletotrichum strains were isolated from oil tea plants in 9 oil-tea plantations of Hunan provinces.Pathogenicity test showed that all of the isolates could infect oil-tea leaves and fruit,with different time in the onset of disease symptom.The multilocus sequence analysis,together with a critical examination of the phenotypic characters,revealed five previously described species.【Conclusion】The typical anthracnose symptoms of oiltea leaves in Hunan Province were described in this study.Based on the morphology and multiple gene sequences characters,the 62 isolates were identified as C.fructicola,C.siamense,C.gloeosporioides,C.horii and C.camelliae.Among them,C.fructicola had the highest isolated rate that was accounted for 64.5%.
作者
李河
李杨
蒋仕强
刘君昂
周国英
Li He Li Yang Jiang Shiqiang Liu Jun＇ang Zhou Guoying(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第8期43-53,共11页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31570641)
教育部农作物生物灾害综合治理重点实验室/农业部华东作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放课题
关键词
油茶
炭疽病
病原菌
oil tea trees
anthracnose
pathogen
