摘要
目的:分析宁波市奉化区13~18岁在校青少年近视的流行病学现状及危险因素,为近视的预防提供科学依据。方法:分层整群随机抽取奉化区初中学校3所、重点高中及普通高中各2所,对抽中班级的所有学生进行视力检测和近视相关因素的问卷调查。利用二分类Logistic回归分析方法分析与青少年近视相关的危险因素。结果:初中935名学生近视检出率为71.02%,重点高中学生近视检出率为87.87%,普通高中学生近视检出率为76.38%,高中学生(重点高中+普通高中)近视检出率明显高于初中学生(P<0.001),且重点高中学生近视检出率高于普通高中学生(P<0.001)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,父母亲近视(OR=1.72)、不良用眼习惯(OR=1.40)、睡眠时间少于8小时(OR=1.40)是近视的危险因素,而做眼保健操、体育活动和睡眠是近视的保护因素。结论:重点高中学生近视检出率明显高于普通高中学生和初中学生,针对不同学校类型进行近视防治工作有重大意义。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological status and risk factors of juvenile myopia in age group of 13--18 years old in Fenghua District of Ningbo City,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of myopia. Methods Strat- ified clusters sampling method was used to randomly select 3 junior middle schools,2 key high schools and 2 ordinary high schools from Fenghua District. All the students of these schools had eyesight test and questionnaire survey on myopia related factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with juvenile myopia. Results The detection rates of myopia in junior high schools, key senior high schools and ordinary senior high schools were 71.82%,87.87%,and 76.38%, respectively. The detection rate of myopia in both key and ordinary senior high school students was significantly higher than that of junior high school students （P^0. 001）,and the detection rate of myopia in key senior high school students was higher than that of ordinary senior high school students （P〈~0. 001）. Logistic regression analysis showed that myopia of parents （OR= 1.72）, poor eye care habits （OR= 1.40）, sleep time less than 8 hours （OR= 1.40） were the risk factors of myopia, and eye exercises, physical activity and sleep were the protection factors of myopia. Conclusions The detection fate of myopia in key senior high school students was significantly higher than that of ordinary senior high school students and junior high school students. It was of great significance to carry out myopia prevention and control work for different school types.
作者
江美琴
冯伟
JIANG Mei-qin FENG Wei(Fenghua Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Fenghua , Zhej iang 315500 ,China)
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2017年第9期1066-1068,共3页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
