摘要
目的了解太原市新生儿出生缺陷的发生情况及其危险因素。方法回顾性分析太原市2011-2016年出生新生儿的临床资料,并采用自行设计的问卷调查产妇的人口学信息及行为生活方式等资料。结果共纳入35 949例围生儿,其中活产新生儿35 623例死胎死产326例。出生缺陷患儿389例,发生率为10.82‰,2011-2016年各年间出生缺陷发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。出生缺陷以先天性心脏病为主,其次为多指/趾。单因素分析结果显示,年龄<20岁及>35岁、孕次≥2次、产次≥2次、妊娠期饮酒史、妊娠期吸烟史、妊娠期未服用叶酸、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史的妇女更易分娩有出生缺陷的新生儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生缺陷新生儿的出生体重更轻,孕周较小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,<20岁及>35岁、妊娠期饮酒史、妊娠期吸烟史、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史是出生缺陷的独立危险因素,妊娠期服用叶酸是出生缺陷的保护因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论太原市活产新生儿出生缺陷的发生率为10.82‰,主要的出生缺陷类型为先天性心脏病、多指/趾,要根据影响新生儿出生缺陷的高危因素采取针对性的措施进行干预,有助于降低出生缺陷的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of neonatal birth defects and risk factors in Taiyuan city. Methods The clinical data of neonates born from 2011 to 2016 in Taiyuan city was analyzed retrospectively. The demographic information and behavioral lifestyles of delivery women were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 35 949 perinatal infants were observed in this study, including 35 623 live births and 326 stillbirths. There were 389 children with birth defects, the incidence rate was 10. 82‰. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rates of birth defects among different years from 2011 to 2016 （P〉0. 05 ） . Congenital heart disease was the main type of birth defects, followed by polydactyly. Univariate analysis showed that the women with age〈20 years old and 〉35 years old, pregnancy times ≥2, parity ≥2, drinking history during pregnancy, smoking history during pregnancy, pregnancy without taking folic acid, hypertension family history, diabetes family history had more chances to give birth to babies with birth defects （ P〈 0. 05） . The neonates with birth defects had lower weight and smaller gestational weeks, the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0. 05 ） . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age〈20 years old and 〉35 years old, drinking history during pregnan- cy, smoking history during pregnancy, hypertension family history, diabetes family history were the independent risk factors of birth defects ; taking folic acid during pregnancy was the protective factor of birth defects （P〈0. 05） . Conclusion The incidence rate of birth defects in Taiyuan city was 10. 82‰, congenital heart disease and polydactyly are the main types of birth defects. Intervention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate of birth defects according to the high risk factors.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2017年第19期4791-4795,共5页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
新生儿
出生缺陷
流行病学调查
危险因素
Neonate
Birth defect
Epidemiological investigation
Risk factor
