摘要
为优化旱作马铃薯氮素施用量,进一步提高马铃薯产量和改善薯块品质,通过盆栽种植方式,研究氮素营养对马铃薯干物质积累量、根冠比、产量及薯块品质的影响。结果表明:施氮量为190 kg/hm^2时,马铃薯各生育时期干物质积累量、根冠比和单株产量最高,根据一元二次拟合方程得出最佳施氮量为206.39 kg/hm^2,此时马铃薯单株产量为388.22 g,与实际最佳施氮量接近;马铃薯薯块淀粉和VC含量均在施氮量为190 kg/hm^2时最高,薯块蛋白质含量随氮素的增加呈递增趋势,而有机酸含量随氮素增加呈先增后降的趋势,在施氮量为350 kg/hm^2时达到最大值。在试验条件下,综合分析马铃薯产量形成特性及各品质指标,马铃薯氮素最适施用量为190~206.39 kg/hm^2。
The aim of the experiment was to optimize the suitable nitrogen application rate and improve the yield and quality of potato. A pot experiment was used to study the effects of nitrogen on the dry matter accumulation, root/shoot ratio, yield and tuber qualities of potato. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation, root/shoot ratio at different stages and yield per plant were highest when 190 kg/hm^2 nitrogen was applied. The regression curve was observed between potato yield and quantity of nitrogen fertilizer in the experiment, and individual yield of potato was highest （388.22 g） when 206.39 kg/hm^2 nitrogen was applied. The optimal amount of nitrogen applied and tuber yield calculated according to this curve were very close to the actual measurement value. In addition, there were the highest tuber starch and VC content under the nitrogen fertilizer applied of 190 kg/hm^2; tuber protein content was increased with the increasing of amount of nitrogen applied. However, organic acid content of tuber was first increased and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen, and the value of organic acid was highest under the nitrogen applied amount of 350 kg/hm^2. Under the condition of the experiment, the results for comprehensive analysis of yield formation characteristics and the quality index considered that the suitable amount of nitrogen applied was 190- 206.39 kg/hm^2.
出处
《蔬菜》
2017年第9期20-24,共5页
Vegetables
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31260311)
马铃薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10-P18)
学生SRTP项目(20160914)
