摘要
人诺如病毒(Human noroviruses,HuNoVs)是杯状病毒科(Caliciviridae)的一种单股正链RNA病毒,它是导致全球急性非细菌性肠胃炎暴发的主要病原体之一。自1972年美国学者Kapikian利用透射电镜首次观察到首株诺瓦克病毒(Norwalk virus,NV)以来,该病毒在全球范围内多次广泛流行。据报道,全球每年有超过1亿人因感染HuNoVs而发病,其临床症状主要为恶心、呕吐、腹痛和腹泻,多数患者表现为自限性,但也会导致少数婴幼儿、老人和免疫缺陷患者发展成重症,甚至死亡。HuNoVs引起的疫情暴发给全球的公共卫生安全带来了较大的威胁。本文将对HuNoVs的病原学及流行病学、体外培养体系、动物模型、免疫反应和疫苗研发的最新研究进展进行概述。
Human noroviruses （HuNoVs） belong to the Caliciviridae family. HuNoVs are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, and are responsible for most of the outbreaks of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis （AG） worldwide. They were detected for the first time from the feces of an AG patient in 1972 in Norwalk （CT, USA）. Due to their rapid onset/progression and wide spread, HuNoVs are considered to be significant threats to public health. We provide an overview of the latest research progress in theetiolo gy, epidemiology, in vitro culture system, and animal models of HuNoVs, as well as the immune response to, and vaccine development against, HuNoVs.
出处
《病毒学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期785-790,共6页
Chinese Journal of Virology
基金
中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程重大协同创新项目(项目号:2016-I2M-1-019)
题目:创新型疫苗研究~~
