摘要
城市小型湖泊具有对环境变化的高敏感性,其浮游植物群落特征和演替规律对湖泊生态系统的监测与管理有重要意义。本研究于2015年3—12月,对武汉市沙湖进行了生态和水质监测,共鉴定出藻类10门312种,绿藻、硅藻和蓝藻种类数占优。为探究富营养化城市小型湖泊浮游植物群落时空异质性及其演替驱动力,选取了4个多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Whittaker指数),并进行了多样性指数与环境因子的相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,计算了优势种在监测时段的3个种间联结性指数和校正χ~2 检验系数。结果表明,夏秋季节浮游植物群落处于演替的稳定状态,环境因子驱动作用明显,其中离子浓度的影响大于温度的影响,钠、镁离子浓度为主要影响因素;蓝藻门和绿藻门优势种联结性较高,硅藻门优势种内部联结性较高而与其他门类相关性较低,从季节上看,夏秋季节的优势种种间联结性较高,春冬季优势种与其他时段优势种相关性低,可能为群落在冬春季不稳定的原因。
Small urban lakes are highly sensitive to changes in their environment and are closely associated with the surrounding urban systems. The distribution and succession pattern of phytoplankton can significantly influence the entire ecosystem in a small urban lake. From March to December 2015, phytoplankton and water quality were monitored in Sand Lake, Wuhan city, China. In total, 312 species were detected representing 10 phyla, with Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, and Cyanophyta being the major phyla represented. Biodiversity indices were calculated using the methods of Shannon- Wiener, Simpson, Pielou, and Whittaker. The biodiversity indices and environmental factors were subjected to correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. Three interspecific association indices and the calibrated coefficients ofX2 test were calculated. The results showed that the phytoplankton reached a stable state in summer and autumn, during which the environmental factors were the main influence ; the effect of constant ion concentration was greater than that of temperature, particularly those of sodium and magnesium. Analysis of the data for the dominant species showed that Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were significantly correlated, whereas Bacillariophyta showed no significant correlation with other phyla. A significant eo,Te]ation oecurred belween summer and aulumn dominant species, while dominant species in winter and spring showed no significant correlation with those in other seasons, which could be attributed to the low stability of the phytoplankton during this period.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第18期5993-6004,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(41331174)
江西省水利厅重大科技项目(KT201412)
水利部科技推广项目(TG1520)
关键词
城市湖泊
浮游植物
优势种
Α多样性
常量离子
种问联结性
urban lake
phytoplankton
dominant species
α diversity
constant ion
inter-specific association
