摘要
度量衡划一关乎民众生活、市场拓展,又于政权统一和国家建设有着重要意义。因此,国民政府鼎立南京后立即启动度量衡改制,以商会为主体的商人团体也积极参与其中,充分表达了商界对新制的期盼及诉求,并广泛宣传改制的重要性和参与检查新制实施状况,调解因使用新制而产生的纠纷;劝导涉外商号和租界华商改用新制,推动了海关和租界两处的改制。但在新制与旧习、商人惯用的外国度量衡之间发生冲突时,商会往往代表商界与政府交涉,要求暂缓改制,或依习惯对新制进行修正,少数地方商人和商会甚至不惜暴力抗拒。这也是改制时商界、学界与政府不得不面对的难题。
The unification of weights and measures is of great significance for popular life,the expansion of markets,the unity of the regime,and nation-building.Therefore,once the Nationalist government was established in Nanjing,it immediately launched a change in the system of weights and measures.Business groups,particularly chambers of commerce,were actively involved in the reform.They gave full voice to the expectations and aspirations that the business sector had about the new system,widely publicized the importance of restructuring,participated in the implementation of the new system,mediated disputes arising from its use,persuaded foreign-related firms and Chinese enterprises in concessions to switch to the system,and promoted the restructuring of the system in the customs and concessions.However,in the event of a conflict between the new system and old traditions,or foreign measures which businessmen were accustomed to,chambers of commerce often represented the business community in negotiations with the government on suspending the restructuring or revising the new system in line with past practice.A few local businessmen and members of chambers of commerce even used violence.This was an issue facing the business community,academia and government in the course of the unification of weights and measures.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第4期95-112,共18页
Historical Research
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“近代闽粤地区商会资料整理与研究”(16JJD770022)
华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(CCNU14Z02003)的阶段性成果
