摘要
在海洋地震勘探中,鬼波不仅对一次反射波的波形产生干涉现象,而且使地震记录的频带变窄.虽然近几年发展起来的斜缆、上下缆地震采集系统和相应的鬼波压制方法已取得较好的效果.然而对于老数据的重处理以及目前依然广泛采用的水平缆,需要一种更适合的鬼波压制方法.本文开展了τ-p域压制水平缆鬼波的方法研究.首先,本文分析了水平缆数据鬼波特征,推导了时间域和τ-p域的鬼波延时估算公式,在τ-p域内构建了上、下行波的算子,提出了基于τ-p域平面波分解的水平缆鬼波压制算法,并通过引入Cauchy范数能量约束算子提高算法的稳定性.应用数值模型及海上实际地震数据进行了检波点端的鬼波压制试验.结果表明,该方法在不需要射线垂直入射的假设和介质速度模型的前提下,能有效分离出一次反射波,并拓宽地震数据的有效频带.
The acquisition of marine seismic exploration suffers from the ghost reflection,which not only has destructive interfere to the primary reflection,but also severely reduce the bandwidth of seismic imaging.Recently,the slant streamers and the over-under streamers acquisition have been developed to deghosting,and have achieved good results.However,most of conventional marine seismic data has been acquired using flat streamers.Therefore,it is indispensible to research a suitable deghosting method.In this paper,we focus on the deghosting method to the flat streamers data in τ-p domain.Firstly,we study the ghost reflection feature of flat cable data,and derived the estimation formula of ghost delay in time and τ-p domain,and next build the up-and down-going operator in the τ-p domain.And then,the deghosting algorithm of flat cable based on plane wave decomposition has been proposed,and the Cauchy-norm energy constrain operators have been introduced to reduce the artifact and enhance the stability of this algorithm.Finally,the test on numerical models and the actual marine data is carried out.Results suggest that this method can effectively extract primary reflection and also broad frequency bandwidth.
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期1764-1772,共9页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金(KLMMR-2014-A-03)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41176056)联合资助
关键词
鬼波压制
水平缆
平面波
宽频处理
最小二乘法
混合范数
de-ghosting
flat streamer acquisition
plane wave
broadband data processing
least-square method
hybrid-norm
