摘要
目的 分析尿路感染病原菌的分布及药敏特征,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据.方法 回顾性分析3 677份中段标本的细菌培养资料,对分离出的649株病原菌进行分析.应用VITEK-2Compact进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验,用WHONET5.6对数据进行统计分析.结果 尿路感染患者分离的649株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌439株占67.6％,其中大肠埃希菌301株占46.4％,肺炎克雷伯菌74株占11.4％;革兰阳性球菌121株占18.7％,其中肠球菌属97株占14.9％,葡萄球菌属22株占3.4％;真菌89株占13.7％.药敏显示,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南、头孢替坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星敏感率高,敏感率均在87.0％以上;肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺的敏感率均为100.0％,对其它药物的耐药率屎肠球菌高于粪肠球菌.结论 尿路感染病原菌主要以大肠埃希菌为主,各菌种耐药较为严重,应及时进行尿液细菌培养及药敏试验,合理应用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌的产生.
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection,and to provide evidences for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.Methods The data from 3 677 midstream urine specimens for bacterial culture were retrospectively analyzed.VITEK-2Compact was used to identify bacteria and test drag sensitivity.And WHONETS.6 was used to statistically analyze the data.Results Of 649 strains of pathogenic bacteria from urinary tract infection patients,there were 439 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounted for 67.6%,among which there were 301 （46.4%） strains of Escherichia coli,and 74 （11.4%） strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae;there were 121 strains of gram-positive cocci,accounted for 18.7%,among which there were 97（14.9%） strains of Enterococcus,and 22 （3.4%） strains of Staphylococcus;there were 89 strains of fungi,accounted for 13.7%.According to drug susceptibility,the sensitive rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem,cefotetan,piporacillin-tazobactam and amikacin were all over 87.0%.The drug sensitivity of Enterococcus to vancomycin and linezolid were both 100.0%.As to drug resistance to other drags,Enterococcus faecium was higher than Enterococcus faecalis.Conclusion Escherichia coli is the primary pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection.Every bacteria strain has a high drug resistance.In clinic,hospital should perform urine bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests timely,and use antibiotics rationally in order to reduce the production and growth of drug-resistant bacteria.
出处
《中国基层医药》
CAS
2017年第20期3097-3100,共4页
Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy
关键词
泌尿道感染
细菌学
微生物敏感性试验
Urinary Tract Infection
Bacteriology
Microbial sensitivitytests
