摘要
目的了解农村贫困地区小学生早餐频率及食物摄入情况,为制定营养宣传教育和干预措施提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取河北省平泉县等5个贫困农村县区15所小学的2 939名小学生为研究对象,问卷调查每周的早餐食用频率及主要食物的摄入情况。结果参加调查的小学生达不到每天吃早餐的比例为23.2%。早餐食用频率最高的食物是米面制品(66.6%),其次为奶类(35.6%)、蔬菜(33.3%)、肉/蛋/鱼类(29.5%)、豆类(27.7%)和水果(19.3%)。早餐营养质量差的小学生比例达到75.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,男生、四/五年级、云南地区、父母未在外打工的学生早餐食用频率相对较低;三/四年级、云南地区和住宿的学生早餐质量相对较差。结论我国贫困农村地区小学生每天吃早餐的频率较低,早餐营养质量差。建议对学生、家长和老师加强合理早餐的教育,改善学生的早餐摄入状况。
Objective To investigate the breakfast frequency and consumption among primary students in poor rural areas of China, and to provide basic information for developing nutrition education and intervention strategies. Methods Randomized multi-stage clustering sampling method was used in the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2 939 students from 15 primary schools in poor rural areas of five counties. Results The proportion of primary students reporting breakfast skipping was23. 2%. Grains（ 66. 6%）, followed by milk（ 35. 6%）, vegetables（ 33. 3%）, meat/eggs/fish（ 29. 5%）, beans（ 27. 7%）, and fruits（ 19. 3%） were the most frequently eaten foods. About 75. 3% of primary students had poor breakfast nutrition quality. Logistic regression analysis showed that boys, students in grade 4 and 5, students from Yunnan Province, and those with parents not working at present had lower rate of breakfast habit; students in grade 3 and 4, from Yunnan Province, and those boarding school students had lower breakfast quality. Conclusion The frequency and quality of breakfast need further improvement among primary school students in poor rural areas of China. It is important to educate students and parents about the importance of eating breakfast.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第8期1138-1141,1145,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
中国青少年发展基金会项目
关键词
农村人口
贫困区
饮食习惯
学生
Rural population
Poverty areas
Food habits
Students
